{"project":{"acronym":"","projectId":93972,"title":"Ultra High Temperature and Multifunctional Ceramic Matrix Composite - Coating Systems for Light-Weight Space and Aero Systems","startTrl":1,"currentTrl":4,"endTrl":4,"benefits":"NASA will benefit from the development of a new composite material based the HfCN based system and lightweight, high strength and high toughness, and Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic and Coating (UHTCC) systems, with the integration of materials and Ceramic Matrix Composites. The material system will have the significantly increased temperature capability beyond the current state-of-the-art, and increase the efficiency of aerospace propulsion systems, improve reusability of hypersonic vehicles, and achieve simpler planetary entry systems due to the increase in temperature capability, improved thermal management designs, and incorporating high temperature sensing capabilities. The scientific understanding and modeling, the material design knowledge from this research effort will also be crucial to advanced NASA sustained and affordable human and robotic space and science programs.","description":"Revolutionary ultra-high temperature, high mechanical loading capable, oxidation resistant, durable ceramic coatings and light-weight fiber-reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) systems are crucial to increase efficiency and performance of aerospace propulsion systems as well as for hypersonic and planetary entry systems. The current state-of-the-art materials include ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and C/C composites with application temperature on the order of 2200-3000°F (1204-1650°C). A recent discovery through an ab initio molecular dynamics calculations and electronic structure modeling has identified a new hafnium-nitrogen- carbon alloy (Hf-27at%C-20at%N, or HfC0.27N0.2), which would have a melting point of more than 4400 K (7460°F, or 4127°C) [1]. This material temperature capability is at least 200 K higher than the highest melting point ever recorded experimentally rocksalt compounds, or other cubic and hexagonal structured compounds (e.g., HfC and Ta4HfC5; hafnium or zirconium borides). This creates a new opportunity for exploring next generation Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic and Coating (UHTCC) materials for extreme environment applications with the potential for significantly increasing the temperature capability and durability beyond the current state-of-the-art CMCs. The objective of the proposed effort is to evaluate the potential of UHTCC materials based on Hf-N-C system as the next generation of high temperature material, and developing its capabilities for potential high temperature multi-functional applications. In this proposed research, we will develop fabrication technologies for processing UHTCC using HfCN based ceramics. The HfCN composition will be optimized for temperature stability, strength and oxidation resistance by evaluating the effect of various dopants (including silicon, rare earth elements, and tantalum), and in some cases (such as using for coatings or coating bond coat), with controlled oxygen content. We will also study these alloying and dopants for achieving tunable thermal and electrical conductivity for this UHTCC material. A key aspect of the proposed effort is to validate the ab-initio molecular dynamics models based on careful property measurements (such as interfacial toughness, thermodynamic properties). The down-selected compositions will then be used for processing multifunctional ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes and nanofibers. We will incorporate high performance, aligned carbon nanotubes or nanofibers to develop a high thermal and electrical conductivity, high temperature ceramic matrix composites. Coatings will be developed for enhancing the durability of HfCN composites using NASA (Hf,Ta)RESiCN and other composition nano-composites, with ultra-low thermal conductivity for high temperature capability and thermal protection functions. The goal is to develop and demonstrate the potential of a light-weight UHTCC with 1500°F temperature improvements (achieving a 4500°F material), and also with tunable electrical conductivity (10-10 to 106 S\\xb7m-1) and thermal conductivity (range up to 0.1 to 100 W/m-K) in the system.","destinations":[{"lkuCodeId":1543,"code":"EARTH","description":"Earth","lkuCodeTypeId":526,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"DESTINATION_TYPE","description":"Destination Type"}},{"lkuCodeId":1518,"code":"MARS","description":"Mars","lkuCodeTypeId":526,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"DESTINATION_TYPE","description":"Destination Type"}}],"startYear":2016,"startMonth":10,"endYear":2017,"endMonth":7,"statusDescription":"Completed","principalInvestigators":[{"contactId":126499,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Dongming","lastName":"Zhu","fullName":"Dongming Zhu","fullNameInverted":"Zhu, Dongming","primaryEmail":"dongming.zhu@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programDirectors":[{"contactId":335305,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Lapointe","fullName":"Michael R Lapointe","fullNameInverted":"Lapointe, Michael R","middleInitial":"R","primaryEmail":"michael.r.lapointe@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programExecutives":[{"contactId":392233,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Richard","lastName":"Howard","fullName":"Richard W Howard","fullNameInverted":"Howard, Richard W","middleInitial":"W","primaryEmail":"richard.w.howard@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programManagers":[{"contactId":280583,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Kurt","lastName":"Sacksteder","fullName":"Kurt R Sacksteder","fullNameInverted":"Sacksteder, Kurt R","middleInitial":"R","primaryEmail":"partialg@gmail.cpm","publicEmail":false,"nacontact":false},{"contactId":159449,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Gary","lastName":"Horsham","fullName":"Gary A Horsham","fullNameInverted":"Horsham, Gary A","middleInitial":"A","primaryEmail":"gary.a.horsham@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"website":"","libraryItems":[],"transitions":[],"responsibleMd":{"acronym":"STMD","canUserEdit":false,"city":"","external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"program":{"acronym":"GRC CIF","active":true,"description":"
Tthe goal of the Center Innovation Fund is to stimulate and encourage creativity and innovation in addressing the technology needs of NASA and the Nation. The GRC Center Innovation Fund is intended to provide GRC Civil Servants, potentially partnering with external organizations and other NASA Centers, with the opportunity to develop new ideas toward this goal, and to pursue their intellectual growth in areas that are deemed to be of strategic importance to the Center. The projects are high payback, highly innovative research proposals that could significantly impact future GRC programs.
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Through the Center Innovation Fund, the Space Technology Mission Directorate allocates a small portion of the NASA workforce and procurement budget to internal research and development to feed early stage innovation in technology and exploration. Activities with in the Center Innovation Fund are proposed and led by NASA scientists and engineers. These activities and creative initiatives pursue emerging technologies that leverage talent and capabilities at the NASA Centers.
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