{"project":{"acronym":"","projectId":91450,"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Design-Driven Requirements Using SysML","primaryTaxonomyNodes":[{"taxonomyNodeId":10810,"taxonomyRootId":8816,"parentNodeId":10808,"level":3,"code":"TX11.1.2","title":"Verification and Validation of Software systems","definition":"The procedures and testing used to determine that a software system meets the requirements (verification) and fulfills its intended purpose (validation).","exampleTechnologies":"Model-based testing, Payloads and Components Real-Time Automated Test System (PACRATS), Code coverage testing techniques, continuous automated software analysis and testing techniques, SysML Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)","hasChildren":false,"hasInteriorContent":true}],"startTrl":2,"currentTrl":3,"endTrl":3,"benefits":"
Through successful development of the proposed capabilities, systems engineers can be confident that the implications of design decisions made late in the design cycle have been fully accounted for and projects will be able to make more reliable cost and schedule estimations.
","description":"The proposed research will develop SysML requirements modeling patterns and scripts to automate the evaluation of the impact of design driven requirements. Specifically, the research will develop a SysML requirements modeling pattern to model design-driven requirements, develop a script to integrate design-driven requirements into a SysML requirements tree within a trade study context to facilitate comparison of options, and develop a script to detect when conflicts exist between requirements or between requirements and the design. An important challenge in mid-lifecycle systems engineering is managing the balance between design capabilities and constraints and requirements. The design must fulfill all its requirements while accomplishing its mission goals. When unexpected requirement violations are found late in the design process, the chosen design solution must be evaluated against all existing requirements to ensure that an unrelated requirement has not been violated. Additionally, design decisions may impose new requirements. These new requirements must also be checked against all existing requirements and the design to ensure that there are no violations. With document-based methods, there is no explicit methodology for detecting when new requirements should be added to the requirements tree based on a design decision. The systems engineering or cognizant engineer must manually develop the implications of each design decision and decide if requirements should be added. In the V-model, there is an assumption that no new requirements will need to be added after design work has begun. On real projects, design choices frequently force changes of requirements causing rework and cost increases. These feedback relationships are difficult to track with traditional document-based methods due to their conditional nature and the cascading nature of changes in an integrated system. However, model-based systems engineering (MBSE) techniques and specifically SysML are able to model these relationships. Through successful development of the proposed capabilities, systems engineers can be confident that the implications of design decisions made late in the design cycle have been fully accounted for and projects will be able to make more reliable cost and schedule estimations.
","startYear":2013,"startMonth":8,"endYear":2017,"endMonth":7,"statusDescription":"Completed","principalInvestigators":[{"contactId":386815,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Rebecca","lastName":"Masterson","fullName":"Rebecca A Masterson","fullNameInverted":"Masterson, Rebecca A","middleInitial":"A","primaryEmail":"becki@mit.edu","publicEmail":false,"nacontact":false}],"programDirectors":[{"contactId":84634,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Claudia","lastName":"Meyer","fullName":"Claudia M Meyer","fullNameInverted":"Meyer, Claudia M","middleInitial":"M","primaryEmail":"claudia.m.meyer@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programExecutives":[{"contactId":84634,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Claudia","lastName":"Meyer","fullName":"Claudia M Meyer","fullNameInverted":"Meyer, Claudia M","middleInitial":"M","primaryEmail":"claudia.m.meyer@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programManagers":[{"contactId":183514,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Hung","lastName":"Nguyen","fullName":"Hung D Nguyen","fullNameInverted":"Nguyen, Hung D","middleInitial":"D","primaryEmail":"hung.d.nguyen@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"projectManagers":[{"contactId":102739,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Darryl","lastName":"Lakins","fullName":"Darryl D Lakins","fullNameInverted":"Lakins, Darryl D","middleInitial":"D","primaryEmail":"darryl.d.lakins@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"coInvestigators":[{"contactId":310934,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Chodas","fullName":"Mark Chodas","fullNameInverted":"Chodas, Mark","primaryEmail":"mark.chodas@jpl.nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"website":"https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/index.html","libraryItems":[],"transitions":[{"transitionId":75761,"projectId":91450,"partner":"Other","transitionDate":"2013-08-01","path":"Advanced From","relatedProjectId":91638,"relatedProject":{"acronym":"","projectId":91638,"title":"On the performance of a nanocatalyst-based Direct Ammonia Alkaline Fuel Cell (DAAFC) under microgravity conditions for water reclamation and energy applications","startTrl":6,"currentTrl":7,"endTrl":7,"benefits":"Studying the effects of microgravity on the performance of a direct ammonia alkaline fuel cell may lead to advances in space-flight water reclamation and energy production, which will benefit future NASA missions.","description":"This project is a continuation of T0040-P. Recent advances in anion exchange membranes have made Direct Ammonia Alkaline Fuel Cell (DAAFC) one of the most promising and attractive fuel cell systems for water reclamation and energy production in space missions. Although recent studies have proposed direct ammonia fuel cells as the next generation of power devices, critical knowledge about the performance of DAAFC under microgravity conditions has not been addressed. The objective of this research is to assess the performance of a DAAFC using nanotechnology-based electrodes to enhance the electrochemical decomposition of ammonia under micro-gravity conditions.The President’s 2010 National Space Policy:
“A robust and competitive commercial space sector is vital to continued progress in space. The United States is committed to encouraging and facilitating the growth of a U.S. commercial space sector that supports U.S. needs, is globally competitive, and advances U.S. leadership in the generation of new markets and innovation-driven entrepreneurship.”
Flight Opportunities directly answers the call of the President’s policy through the acquisition of suborbital launch services on commercial suborbital launch vehicles. By purchasing flight opportunities on U.S. commercial vehicles the Flight Opportunities program is encouraging and facilitating the growth of this market while simultaneously providing pathways to advance the technology readiness of a wide range of new launch vehicle and space technologies.
One of the greatest challenges NASA faces in incorporating advanced technologies into future missions is bridging the mid-technology readiness level (TRL) (4-7) gap (or “valley of death”), between component or prototype testing in a lab or ground facility setting, and the final infusion of a new technology into critical path exploration or science mission development. To cross this gap, the proposed new technology must pass system level testing in a relevant operational environment. Maturing a space technology to flight readiness status through relevant environment testing is a significant challenge from cost, schedule, and technical risk perspectives.
FO has its lineage from the former Innovative Partnership Program (IPP) of FY09, specifically the Facilitated Access to the Space Environment for Technology (FAST) project and the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research (CRuSR) project. The FAST and CRuSR activities are continued within the FO Program, as the parabolic and suborbital, flight campaigns, respectively. The flights will provide opportunities to expose new technologies to low-g environments and/or high altitude environments. The intent is to demonstrate and mature various technologies for future applications. These emerging technologies will come from the nine other programs within the Space Technology Mission Directorate, from the other Mission Directorates and external sources (other Government Agencies, Academia, and Commercial Industries.
The NASA Flight Opportunities (FO) Program has been established as a part of the Space Technologies Mission Directorate (STMD) to rapidly develop, demonstrate and infuse revolutionary, high-payoff technologies through transparent, collaborative partnerships, expanding the boundaries of the aerospace enterprise by providing the nation’s investments in space technologies to make a difference in the world around us. FO focuses on maturation of technologies that are of benefit to multiple customers, to flight readiness status with an outcome of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6 or higher. These crosscutting capabilities are those that advance multiple future aerospace missions, including flight projects where near-space or in-space demonstration is needed before the capability can transition to direct mission application. Maturing technologies to a higher TRL status through relevant flight opportunities testing is a significant challenge from both a cost and risk perspective.
","programId":72,"responsibleMd":{"acronym":"STMD","canUserEdit":false,"city":"","external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdId":4875,"stockImageFileId":36656,"title":"Flight Opportunities"},"lastUpdated":"2024-2-6","releaseStatusString":"Released","viewCount":121,"endDateString":"Jan 2016","startDateString":"Jun 2013"},"infoText":"Advanced from another project within the program","infoTextExtra":"Another project within the program (On the performance of a nanocatalyst-based Direct Ammonia Alkaline Fuel Cell (DAAFC) under microgravity conditions for water reclamation and energy applications)","dateText":"August 2013"},{"transitionId":75760,"projectId":91450,"transitionDate":"2017-07-01","path":"Closed Out","details":"Working on early mission concept development.","infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"","dateText":"July 2017"}],"responsibleMd":{"acronym":"STMD","canUserEdit":false,"city":"","external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"program":{"acronym":"STRG","active":true,"description":"\tThe Space Technology Research Grants Program will accelerate the development of "push" technologies to support the future space science and exploration needs of NASA, other government agencies and the commercial space sector. Innovative efforts with high risk and high payoff will be encouraged. The program is composed of two competitively awarded components.
","programId":69,"responsibleMd":{"acronym":"STMD","canUserEdit":false,"city":"","external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdId":4875,"stockImageFileId":36658,"title":"Space Technology Research Grants"},"leadOrganization":{"acronym":"MIT","canUserEdit":false,"city":"Cambridge","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"external":true,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4877,"organizationName":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","organizationType":"Academia","stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"MA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Massachusetts","stateTerritoryId":30},"stateTerritoryId":30,"murepUnitId":166683,"naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"Academia"},"supportingOrganizations":[{"acronym":"GSFC","canUserEdit":false,"city":"Greenbelt","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4947,"organizationName":"Goddard Space Flight Center","organizationType":"NASA_Center","stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"MD","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Maryland","stateTerritoryId":3},"stateTerritoryId":3,"naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Center"}],"statesWithWork":[{"abbreviation":"MA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Massachusetts","stateTerritoryId":30}],"lastUpdated":"2024-2-6","releaseStatusString":"Released","viewCount":574,"endDateString":"Jul 2017","startDateString":"Aug 2013"}}