{"project":{"acronym":"","projectId":90106,"title":"Intelligent Information Processing for Enhanced Safety in the NAS","primaryTaxonomyNodes":[{"taxonomyNodeId":10813,"taxonomyRootId":8816,"parentNodeId":10808,"level":3,"code":"TX11.1.5","title":"Architecture and Design of Software systems","definition":"This area covers the development of conceptual / behavioral models and the development of system specifications including resilience and the human roles in a system.","exampleTechnologies":"Software development methodologies that emphasize modeling and/or human interaction, human/machine interfaces and interactions, astronaut programming and fault management interfaces","hasChildren":false,"hasInteriorContent":true}],"startTrl":2,"currentTrl":3,"endTrl":3,"benefits":"Monitoring high-reliability systems where human agents must be in-the-loop to handle events. High-reliability systems are rarely expected to experience adverse events. However, when the events do occur, information overload can result. The human operator must be able to come up to speed on the situation as quickly as possible without being overloaded. The decisions and responses may not be optimal or may even be deficient. The proposed system will prevent information overload by presenting the most important information first. The proposed system can also monitor operator responses and compare them to expected behaviors. Decision support in an environment where information glut exists. The availability of information is increasing at an exponential rate. The proposed system can filter this information by performing such tasks as assigning priorities, coordinating information flows, and defining how information is presented. The proposed system can also integrate information from multiple sources, repackage the information, and present the information in a more abstract form. It also allows linking of information producers with information consumers in a uniform, integrated manner. Monitoring rogue behavior. Models of expected behavior can be compared with agent actions. Actions are monitored in the context of an explicit intent consistent with all agents. As behaviors deviate, additional, appropriate actions may be taken by other agents.
Military command and control. Battlefield operations are some of the most dynamic information environments going from relatively inactive to completely overwhelmed. Information flows are likewise dynamic with the number of agents, their roles, and their need for information constantly changing. The proposed system can define these characteristics and can scale in terms of size from small unit tactical operations to theater-wide strategic operations and from a low level combat unit's specific information needs to the highest level leadership's abstract information needs. Emergency response systems. Emergencies can run the gamut from a small, local house fire to a state-wide environmental catastrophe. In the larger scale emergencies, the need for timely, critical information flow to the responders must be efficient and effective especially since traditional information channels may be overwhelmed, no longer be available, or severely degraded. The proposed system with its metadata analysis would only allow the most important and necessary information to be communicated in the most succinct and abstract form with well-defined alternatives. The proposed system focuses solely on information, who has it, who needs it, and how it is handled.","description":"We propose a system that focuses on how improved information flow between agents acting in a flight deck environment can improve safety performance. Agents are defined as either human, computational, or hardware that can act on information. Information that can flow to an agent is filtered based on priority. This protects human agents from information glut and information overload and reduces bandwidth requirements on communications channels. Agents react to the presented information by accepting it, discounting it, or querying the system for more information. All decisions and actions are recorded and modeled by the system in order to verify correct and efficient processing of information. The proposed system will operate independently of flight deck systems but will have access to required information sources. It will not impose an additional monitoring responsibility on the flight crew except for when safety issues surface. At that point, the flight crew's attention is captured and then predefined, prioritized information is presented in a selected format. The proposed system consists of the major software components: the Metadata Workbench, the Condition Monitor, and the Notification Terminal. The Metadata Workbench is used to identify all agents, roles, conditions of interest which trigger information flows, and information with associated context and priority. The notification mechanism, the information flow's destination, and the format for reporting information along with justification is also defined by the workbench. Condition monitors serve as the interface between information-producing systems and notification terminals. Conditions of interest along with all information metadata are deployed to the condition monitors. The notification terminal receives prioritized information and presents the information in the predefined format.","startYear":2016,"startMonth":6,"endYear":2016,"endMonth":12,"statusDescription":"Completed","principalInvestigators":[{"contactId":392376,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Richard","lastName":"Jessop","fullName":"Richard Jessop","fullNameInverted":"Jessop, Richard","primaryEmail":"Rkjessop2@Yahoo.Com","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programDirectors":[{"contactId":206378,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Kessler","fullName":"Jason L Kessler","fullNameInverted":"Kessler, Jason L","middleInitial":"L","primaryEmail":"jason.l.kessler@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programExecutives":[{"contactId":215154,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Jennifer","lastName":"Gustetic","fullName":"Jennifer L Gustetic","fullNameInverted":"Gustetic, Jennifer L","middleInitial":"L","primaryEmail":"jennifer.l.gustetic@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programManagers":[{"contactId":62051,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Carlos","lastName":"Torrez","fullName":"Carlos Torrez","fullNameInverted":"Torrez, Carlos","primaryEmail":"carlos.torrez@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"projectManagers":[{"contactId":3164491,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Michael","lastName":"Palmer","fullName":"Michael Palmer","fullNameInverted":"Palmer, Michael","primaryEmail":"Michael.T.Palmer@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false},{"contactId":461333,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Theresa","lastName":"Stanley","fullName":"Theresa M Stanley","fullNameInverted":"Stanley, Theresa M","middleInitial":"M","primaryEmail":"theresa.m.stanley@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"website":"","libraryItems":[{"file":{"fileExtension":"pdf","fileId":300331,"fileName":"SBIR_2016_1_BC_A3.03-7397","fileSize":126164,"objectId":296869,"objectType":{"lkuCodeId":889,"code":"LIBRARY_ITEMS","description":"Library Items","lkuCodeTypeId":182,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"OBJECT_TYPE","description":"Object Type"}},"objectTypeId":889,"fileSizeString":"123.2 KB"},"files":[{"fileExtension":"pdf","fileId":300331,"fileName":"SBIR_2016_1_BC_A3.03-7397","fileSize":126164,"objectId":296869,"objectType":{"lkuCodeId":889,"code":"LIBRARY_ITEMS","description":"Library Items","lkuCodeTypeId":182,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"OBJECT_TYPE","description":"Object Type"}},"objectTypeId":889,"fileSizeString":"123.2 KB"}],"id":296869,"title":"Briefing Chart","description":"Intelligent Information Processing for Enhanced Safety in the NAS, Phase I Briefing 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Chart","file":{"fileExtension":"pdf","fileId":307138,"fileName":"SBIR_16_1_A3.03-7397","fileSize":273092,"objectId":67748,"objectType":{"lkuCodeId":1841,"code":"TRANSITION_FILES","description":"Transition Files","lkuCodeTypeId":182,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"OBJECT_TYPE","description":"Object Type"}},"fileSizeString":"266.7 KB"},"transitionId":67748,"fileId":307138}],"infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"","dateText":"December 2016"},{"transitionId":67749,"projectId":90106,"partner":"Other","transitionDate":"2017-04-01","path":"Advanced To","relatedProjectId":93578,"relatedProject":{"acronym":"","projectId":93578,"title":"Intelligent Information Processing for Enhanced Safety in the NAS","startTrl":3,"currentTrl":5,"endTrl":5,"benefits":"Integrating the proposed system with the ATOS/SMART-NAS development effort:It is possible to integrate the IIPS with NASA's Airspace and Traffic Operations Simulation (ATOS) that is currently being integrated into the Shadow Mode Assessment Using Realistic Technologies for the National Airspace System (SMART-NAS) test bed. In this integration effort, large number of ASTORs being run on the Amazon cloud cannot be monitored for correct behavior during runs and can only be verified by post processing. The IIPS can be developed to monitor ASTORs for reasonable flight performance and generate alerts along with additional context when simulated aircraft begin to deviate. Integrating the IIPS with the ATOS may allow subsequent integration with additional simulation platforms as they are integrate into the SMART-NAS test bed. This may allow for seamless systems-level development on a National Airspace System level. It is also possible to use IIPS to support the transition to autonomy as IIPS develops its valued information at the right time (VIRT) concepts. As autonomous UAV systems continue to develop, there will be situations where the autonomy will fail. It may be possible to have a human operator step in and perform a better recovery of the autonomous vehicle. The IIPS VIRT functionality will optimize the time for a human operator to develop a complete and accurate situational assessment and perform the appropriate recovery actions.
The IIPS technology contributes to several FAA near-term goals. In order to be of practical use, IIPS must implement conditions that have been identified either as safety enhancements per Commercial Aviation Safety Team Safety Enhancements (CAST SEs), or as accident causes per the Joint Safety Analysis Team Controlled Flight Into Terrain (JSAT CFIT) and Joint Safety Implementation Team Loss of Control (JSIT LOC) documents. The IIPS may be in a special situation where it can implement specific recommendations by the documents not done so to date by the aviation community at large. Notification terminal information and presentation must also be consistent with recommendations and guidelines defined by the same documents. It should be noted that these documents refer to other documents such as the Flight Operational Quality Assurance (FOQA) or that there may be additional documents such as Advisory Circular 25.1322-1 Flightcrew Alerting that must be considered while developing conditions and notifications. A critical consideration for the IIPS is that it may implement a redundant check or may monitor other alerts or notifications so that an adaptive and enhanced alert or notification may be issued when the initial and primary alert fails to initiate remedial actions by the intended audience.","description":"Our Phase I work focused on how improved information flow between actors in a flight deck environment can improve safety performance. An operational prototype was developed demonstrating how the Intelligent Information Processing System (IIPS) will operate in actual accidents/incidents. For Phase II, we propose the following operating environment extensions from the flight deck environment: NextGen scenarios emphasizing interactions with air traffic controllers operating in fast paced, increased volume of manned and autonomous traffic; UAV operations emphasizing introduction of UAVs into the NAS, transition to autonomy and fully autonomous operations; and IIPS in flight training environments both simulated and airborne. We also propose an extension to the manner in which conditions were developed in Phase I. Conditions were developed using post analysis of accidents and incidents. The error chain of events was identified, information necessary to prevent the event was identified, and finally, a condition developed that detected the circumstances for a possible safety failure so that a notification could be transmitted to the actor who would then take the appropriate action to break the error chain. This paradigm of condition development can be characterized as reactive. With the NAS moving into a state of flux with the integration of UAVs and general increased traffic volume, reactive safety may not be acceptable. In order to continue the steadily improving safety record of aviation, a more proactive approach must be considered. We propose the use of a classical rule-based expert system and other artificial intelligence approaches that can make inferences of possible unsafe conditions using a temporal knowledge base populated by propositional statements generated by IIPS information sources.","startYear":2017,"startMonth":4,"endYear":2020,"endMonth":9,"statusDescription":"Completed","website":"","program":{"acronym":"SBIR/STTR","active":true,"description":"
The NASA SBIR and STTR programs fund the research, development, and demonstration of innovative technologies that fulfill NASA needs as described in the annual Solicitations and have significant potential for successful commercialization. If you are a small business concern (SBC) with 500 or fewer employees or a non-profit RI such as a university or a research laboratory with ties to an SBC, then NASA encourages you to learn more about the SBIR and STTR programs as a potential source of seed funding for the development of your innovations.
The SBIR and STTR programs have 3 phases:
The SBIR and STTR Phase I contracts last for 6 months with a maximum funding of $125,000, and Phase II contracts last for 24 months with a maximum funding of $750,000 - $1.5 million.
Opportunity for Continued Technology Development Post-Phase II:
The NASA SBIR/STTR Program currently has in place two initiatives for supporting its small business partners past the basic Phase I and Phase II elements of the program that emphasize opportunities for commercialization. Specifically, the NASA SBIR/STTR Program has the Phase II Enhancement (Phase II-E) and Phase II eXpanded (Phase II-X) contract options.
Please review the links below to obtain more information on the SBIR/STTR programs.
Provides an overview of the SBIR and STTR programs as implemented by NASA
Provides access to the annual SBIR/STTR Solicitations containing detailed information on the program eligibility requirements, proposal instructions and research topics and subtopics
Schedule and links for the SBIR/STTR solicitations and selection announcements
Federal and non-Federal sources of assistance for small business
Search our complete archive of awarded project abstracts to learn about what NASA has funded
Still have questions? Visit the program FAQs
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The SBIR and STTR programs have 3 phases:
The SBIR and STTR Phase I contracts last for 6 months with a maximum funding of $125,000, and Phase II contracts last for 24 months with a maximum funding of $750,000 - $1.5 million.
Opportunity for Continued Technology Development Post-Phase II:
The NASA SBIR/STTR Program currently has in place two initiatives for supporting its small business partners past the basic Phase I and Phase II elements of the program that emphasize opportunities for commercialization. Specifically, the NASA SBIR/STTR Program has the Phase II Enhancement (Phase II-E) and Phase II eXpanded (Phase II-X) contract options.
Please review the links below to obtain more information on the SBIR/STTR programs.
Provides an overview of the SBIR and STTR programs as implemented by NASA
Provides access to the annual SBIR/STTR Solicitations containing detailed information on the program eligibility requirements, proposal instructions and research topics and subtopics
Schedule and links for the SBIR/STTR solicitations and selection announcements
Federal and non-Federal sources of assistance for small business
Search our complete archive of awarded project abstracts to learn about what NASA has funded
Still have questions? Visit the program FAQs
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