The Astrophysics Research Program competitively solicits low TRL (1-3) technology development activities of a more general nature through the Astrophysics Research and Analysis (APRA) Program element of ROSES. APRA is intended to support basic research of new technologies and feasibility demonstrations that may enable future science missions. For example, APRA seeks technology development of advanced detectors that may be proposed as instruments for future space flight experiments. APRA also supports suborbital science investigations that typically involve a significant level of technology development.
","parentProgram":{"ableToSelect":false,"acronym":"APD","isActive":true,"description":"There are four Program elements within the Astrophysics Division that execute technology development activities: Cosmic Origins (COR), Physics of the Cosmos (PCOS), Exoplanet Exploration (EXEP), and the Astrophysics Research Program. Technology efforts in the Division are procured through both directed and competed processes.
The PCOS, COR, and EXEP programs develop and operate the Division’s strategic science missions. Thus, each of these programs conduct strategic technology development activities to enable future missions and to support early phase mission development. Each has a formal Technology Development Plan to guide its technology development activities, and maintains an annual report that documents the status of currently funded activities. Annual assessments identify future technology development needs based on the science goals of each program.
The PCOS, COR, and EXEP Programs conduct competed technology development efforts through a Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science (ROSES) element known as Strategic Astrophysics Technology (SAT) that specifically targets technology developments that bridge the technology readiness level (TRL) 3-6 gap. SAT developed technologies are essential to enable strategic missions that specifically address the key science goals of the Astrophysics Decadal Survey recommendations. The three SAT elements for PCOS, COR, and EXEP are named Technology Development for Physics of the Cosmos (TPCOS), Technology Development for Cosmic Origins Program (TCOP), and Technology Development for Exo-Planet Missions (TDEM) respectively. In contrast to these competed efforts, each program also conducts directed technology development activities that are carried out as elements of specific strategic science missions during early development phases.
The Astrophysics Research Program competitively solicits low TRL (1-3) technology development activities of a more general nature through the Astrophysics Research and Analysis (APRA) Program element of ROSES. APRA is intended to support basic research of new technologies and feasibility demonstrations that may enable future science missions. For example, APRA seeks technology development of advanced detectors that may be proposed as instruments for future space flight experiments. APRA also supports suborbital science investigations that typically involve a significant level of technology development.
","programId":34626,"responsibleMd":{"canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":""},"title":"Astrophysics","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"APD"},"parentProgramId":34626,"programId":93,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":4909,"organizationName":"Science Mission Directorate","acronym":"SMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":4909,"title":"Astrophysics Research and Analysis","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"APRA"},"description":"Since the summer of 2000 we have successfully deployed a high-resolution x-ray microcalorimeter spectrometer, based on the spaceflight XRS instrument, at the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Over the last 15 years, this highly successful partnership has made fundamental measurements in laboratory astrophysics including the measurements of the absolute cross sections of all the Fe L shell transitions from Fe XVII to Fe XXIV, line ratios in Fe and Ni L shell transitions, measurements of Fe K shell emission over a wide range of electron energies, and direct measurements of charge exchange emission from highly ionized Fe, O, N, and most recently L shell S, using a variety of donor gases. This work has resulted in the publication of over 40 peer-reviewed articles with many more either submitted or in preparation. The newest addition to the facility, the ECS microcalorimeter spectrometer, developed under this program, has performed flawlessly as a facility-class instrument since 2007. We propose here to continue our highly successful partnership and deploy new technology to resolve lines in the important 1/4 keV band that encompasses the M-shell iron emission and the L shell emission, including charge exchange, of many of the lower-Z elements, such as Si, S, Mg, Ne, Ca, and Ar. We thus propose completing a new spectrometer that will bring substantially improved performance to the laboratory astrophysics program at EBIT and will enable fundamentally new measurements. Thus, in addition to maintaining the current spectrometers, which will begin this work, a significant component of this proposal is the completion of a new spectrometer leveraged off of the substantial progress in high-resolution x-ray detectors developed for the IXO and now Athena large-scale observatories. The spectrometer will be composed of a detector system with unparalleled spectral resolution: 2 eV resolution across the 0.05-10 keV band. This will allow us to disentangle line blends for nearly every high energy emission line over the entire astrophysical spectrum using the non-dispersive, highly efficient microcalorimeter instrument alone and in concert with the high resolution but narrow band dispersive spectrometers at the LLNL EBIT facility. This work is highly relevant to NASA objectives as it allows for the unambiguous connection between spectroscopic observations with Chandra, XMM, Astro-H, and future spectrometers aboard missions like Athena, and the physics occurring in the cosmological source. Our program aids these measurements by benchmarking the spectroscopic synthesis models used to interpret all x-ray observations. Without laboratory measurements to support these models, it is not a priori certain that the models are correct, and the observational data correctly interpreted. This is especially true for charge exchange measurements, where there are substantially differences between theory and measurement in K shell emission, and no useful theory at all in L shell emission.","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","viewCount":765,"destinationType":["Outside_the_Solar_System"],"lastUpdated":"10/10/18","favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"projectContacts":[{"contactId":156349,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Frederick","lastName":"Porter","fullName":"Frederick S Porter","fullNameInverted":"Porter, Frederick S","middleInitial":"S","email":"frederick.s.porter@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Principal_Investigator","projectContactId":35662,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Principal Investigator"},{"contactId":60617,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Carl","lastName":"Reintsema","fullName":"Carl D Reintsema","fullNameInverted":"Reintsema, Carl D","middleInitial":"D","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":47448,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":63292,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Caroline","lastName":"Kilbourne","fullName":"Caroline A Kilbourne","fullNameInverted":"Kilbourne, Caroline A","middleInitial":"A","email":"caroline.a.kilbourne@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":33453,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":108695,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"David","lastName":"Leisawitz","fullName":"David T Leisawitz","fullNameInverted":"Leisawitz, David T","middleInitial":"T","email":"david.t.leisawitz@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":1063,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":157473,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Gabriele","lastName":"Betancourt-Martinez","fullName":"Gabriele L Betancourt-martinez","fullNameInverted":"Betancourt-Martinez, Gabriele L","middleInitial":"L","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":15755,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":170191,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Gregory","lastName":"Brown","fullName":"Gregory V Brown","fullNameInverted":"Brown, Gregory V","middleInitial":"V","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":28117,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":225929,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Joel","lastName":"Ullom","fullName":"Joel Ullom","fullNameInverted":"Ullom, Joel","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":24728,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":244272,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Joseph","lastName":"Adams","fullName":"Joseph S Adams","fullNameInverted":"Adams, Joseph S","middleInitial":"S","email":"joseph.s.adams@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":23174,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":245615,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Joseph","lastName":"Fowler","fullName":"Joseph W Fowler","fullNameInverted":"Fowler, Joseph W","middleInitial":"W","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":23609,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":324763,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Maurice","lastName":"Leutenegger","fullName":"Maurice A Leutenegger","fullNameInverted":"Leutenegger, Maurice A","middleInitial":"A","email":"maurice.a.leutenegger@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":44460,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":326112,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Megan","lastName":"Eckart","fullName":"Megan E Eckart","fullNameInverted":"Eckart, Megan E","middleInitial":"E","email":"megan.e.eckart@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":2729,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":372789,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Beiersdorfer","fullName":"Peter Beiersdorfer","fullNameInverted":"Beiersdorfer, Peter","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":23547,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":392523,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Richard","lastName":"Kelley","fullName":"Richard L Kelley","fullNameInverted":"Kelley, Richard L","middleInitial":"L","email":"richard.l.kelley@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":31215,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":438287,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Simon","lastName":"Bandler","fullName":"Simon R Bandler","fullNameInverted":"Bandler, Simon R","middleInitial":"R","email":"simon.r.bandler@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":36169,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":445732,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Stephen","lastName":"Smith","fullName":"Stephen J Smith","fullNameInverted":"Smith, Stephen J","middleInitial":"J","email":"stephen.j.smith@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":44793,"projectId":71924,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"}],"programContacts":[{"contactId":123302,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Dominic","lastName":"Benford","fullName":"Dominic J Benford","fullNameInverted":"Benford, Dominic J","middleInitial":"J","email":"dominic.j.benford@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":586,"programId":93,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""},{"contactId":109764,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"David","lastName":"Morris","fullName":"David C Morris","fullNameInverted":"Morris, David C","middleInitial":"C","email":"david.c.morris@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Manager","programContactId":569,"programId":93,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Manager","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"otherOrganizations":[{"organizationId":4947,"organizationName":"Goddard Space Flight Center","acronym":"GSFC","organizationType":"NASA_Center","city":"Greenbelt","stateTerritoryId":3,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"MD","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Maryland","stateTerritoryId":3,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"20771","projectId":71924,"projectOrganizationId":35022,"organizationRole":"Supporting_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Supporting Organization","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Center"}],"primaryTx":{"taxonomyNodeId":11217,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11216,"code":"TX08.1.1","title":"Detectors and Focal Planes","description":"Detectors, focal planes, and readout integrated circuits (ROICs) provide large-format array technologies that require high quantum efficiency (QE); low noise, high resolution, uniform, and stable response; low power and cost; and high reliability. These technologies include low-noise, high-speed, low-power, and radiation hardened ROIC electronics; superconducting sensors; spectral detectors; polarization-sensitive detectors; radiation-hardened detectors; and micro-Kelvin and sub-Kelvin high sensitivity detectors that cover the spectrum from submillimeter wave (Far-IR) to X-ray.","exampleTechnologies":"Backshort Undergrid bolometer arrays, Mercury Cadmium Telluride and Strained Superlattice Arrays, charge coupled devices, sidecar readout integrated circuits, radiometric calibration and abnormality correction algorithms (e.g. non-uniformity)","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":false,"isPrimary":true,"hasInteriorContent":true},"primaryTxTree":[[{"taxonomyNodeId":11215,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"code":"TX08","title":"Sensors and Instruments","level":1,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11216,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11215,"code":"TX08.1","title":"Remote Sensing Instruments and Sensors","description":"Remote sensing instruments and sensors include components, sensors, and instruments that are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation; particles (charged, neutral, dust); electromagnetic fields, both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC); acoustic energy; seismic energy; and whatever physical phenomenology the science requires. These instruments and sensors can be active or passive devices, depending on the measurement regime and detection technology.","level":2,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11217,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11216,"code":"TX08.1.1","title":"Detectors and Focal Planes","description":"Detectors, focal planes, and readout integrated circuits (ROICs) provide large-format array technologies that require high quantum efficiency (QE); low noise, high resolution, uniform, and stable response; low power and cost; and high reliability. These technologies include low-noise, high-speed, low-power, and radiation hardened ROIC electronics; superconducting sensors; spectral detectors; polarization-sensitive detectors; radiation-hardened detectors; and micro-Kelvin and sub-Kelvin high sensitivity detectors that cover the spectrum from submillimeter wave (Far-IR) to X-ray.","exampleTechnologies":"Backshort Undergrid bolometer arrays, Mercury Cadmium Telluride and Strained Superlattice Arrays, charge coupled devices, sidecar readout integrated circuits, radiometric calibration and abnormality correction algorithms (e.g. non-uniformity)","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":true,"hasInteriorContent":true}]],"technologyOutcomes":[],"libraryItems":[],"states":[{"abbreviation":"CA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"California","stateTerritoryId":59,"isTerritory":false},{"abbreviation":"CO","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Colorado","stateTerritoryId":15,"isTerritory":false},{"abbreviation":"MD","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Maryland","stateTerritoryId":3,"isTerritory":false}],"endDateString":"Sep 2018","startDateString":"Oct 2015"}}