{"project":{"acronym":"","projectId":4243,"title":"Automated Trajectory Design Using Resonant Dynamics","primaryTaxonomyNodes":[{"taxonomyNodeId":10956,"taxonomyRootId":8816,"parentNodeId":10955,"level":3,"code":"TX15.2.1","title":"Trajectory Design and Analysis","definition":"Trajectory design and analysis technologies support the design, optimization, analysis, and reconstruction of space vehicle and air vehicle flight trajectories. ","exampleTechnologies":"1. Trajectory Design and Optimization. Includes design and optimization of space vehicle and air vehicle trajectories. Includes definition of the envelope of acceptable trajectories given the capabilities of the vehicle, and determination of the optimal trajectory. For space vehicles, includes ascent; orbital targeting, orbital maintenance, and on-orbit rendezvous; interplanetary trajectories; theoretical astrodynamics; low-thrust design and optimization; planetary moon tour design; three-body orbit modeling and design; and entry through landing. For air vehicles, includes takeoff, mission execution or cruise, and approach/landing. 2. Trajectory Reconstruction. Technologies that enhance post-flight and on-board procedures that use real-time, telemetered or recorded flight data to determine as-flown estimates of vehicle performance (propulsion, aerodynamics, GN&C, etc.) and encountered environment characteristics (atmosphere, gravity, etc.). 3. End-to-end mission design and optimization of space vehicles and air vehicles. Involves integrating trajectory solutions from the various phases of flight to optimize the overall mission in terms of duration, mass, propellant, flexibilities, and requirements for associated subsystems, such as lighting, communications, power, propulsion, etc. Helps evaluate interactions and trades between other disciplines (aero, propulsion, structures, GN&C, etc.) and identifies/establishes subsystem performance and requirements.","hasChildren":false,"hasInteriorContent":true}],"startTrl":2,"currentTrl":3,"endTrl":3,"benefits":"This will enable automated, on-board trajectory redesigns to allow for autonomous and safer missions. In particular, this will benefit high priority NASA missions such as a Europa and Outer Planet Moon orbiters as well as Manned Missions to small bodies as a stepping stone to Mars.","description":"The goal of this project is to map spacecraft transit routes through resonances. This will enable automated, on-board trajectory redesigns to allow for autonomous and safer missions. In particular, this will benefit high priority NASA missions such as a Europa and Outer Planet Moon orbiters as well as Manned Missions to small bodies as a stepping stone to Mars. Current missions and future mission concepts such as Dawn and the various Europa orbiter proposals have indicated that resonant regions near small bodies and planetary moons exhibit fast acting orbital instabilities. This may prevent mission designers on Earth from having time to issue new commands. The availability of autonomous targeting methods related to these dynamics would provide a systematic means for taking advantage of resonant regions and mitigate the associated risk. While spacecraft will not have the time or computational power to completely plan new trajectories from scratch, there is another method. We propose to create a database of key routes that will be organized using the language of symbolic dynamics. Advances in libration point dynamics have shown that transit orbits can be classified in this way and our intent is to extend this to other resonant regions. Finite automata and fast search techniques will be used to select a seed trajectory that accomplishes the necessary goal. This will then be differentially corrected to the exact conditions to yield an accurate path that will direct the spacecraft. ","startYear":2011,"startMonth":8,"endYear":2015,"endMonth":3,"statusDescription":"Completed","principalInvestigators":[{"contactId":269628,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Kenneth","lastName":"Mease","fullName":"Kenneth Mease","fullNameInverted":"Mease, Kenneth","publicEmail":false,"nacontact":false}],"programDirectors":[{"contactId":84634,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Claudia","lastName":"Meyer","fullName":"Claudia M Meyer","fullNameInverted":"Meyer, Claudia M","middleInitial":"M","primaryEmail":"claudia.m.meyer@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programExecutives":[{"contactId":84634,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Claudia","lastName":"Meyer","fullName":"Claudia M Meyer","fullNameInverted":"Meyer, Claudia M","middleInitial":"M","primaryEmail":"claudia.m.meyer@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"programManagers":[{"contactId":183514,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Hung","lastName":"Nguyen","fullName":"Hung D Nguyen","fullNameInverted":"Nguyen, Hung D","middleInitial":"D","primaryEmail":"hung.d.nguyen@nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"projectManagers":[{"contactId":344702,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Mimi","lastName":"Aung","fullName":"Mimi Aung","fullNameInverted":"Aung, Mimi","primaryEmail":"mimi.aung@jpl.nasa.gov","publicEmail":true,"nacontact":false}],"coInvestigators":[{"contactId":144249,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Eric","lastName":"Trumbauer","fullName":"Eric Trumbauer","fullNameInverted":"Trumbauer, Eric","primaryEmail":"etrumbau@uci.edu","publicEmail":false,"nacontact":false}],"website":"https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/index.html","libraryItems":[{"caption":"Project Image Automated Trajectory Design Using Resonant Dynamics","file":{"fileExtension":"jpg","fileId":313901,"fileName":"4243-1363114106810","fileSize":194342,"objectId":306474,"objectType":{"lkuCodeId":889,"code":"LIBRARY_ITEMS","description":"Library Items","lkuCodeTypeId":182,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"OBJECT_TYPE","description":"Object Type"}},"objectTypeId":889,"fileSizeString":"189.8 KB"},"files":[{"fileExtension":"jpg","fileId":313901,"fileName":"4243-1363114106810","fileSize":194342,"objectId":306474,"objectType":{"lkuCodeId":889,"code":"LIBRARY_ITEMS","description":"Library Items","lkuCodeTypeId":182,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"OBJECT_TYPE","description":"Object Type"}},"objectTypeId":889,"fileSizeString":"189.8 KB"}],"id":306474,"title":"4243-1363114106810.jpg","description":"Project Image Automated Trajectory Design Using Resonant Dynamics","libraryItemTypeId":1095,"projectId":4243,"primary":true,"publishedDateString":"","contentType":{"lkuCodeId":1095,"code":"IMAGE","description":"Image","lkuCodeTypeId":341,"lkuCodeType":{"codeType":"LIBRARY_ITEM_TYPE","description":"Library Item Type"}}}],"transitions":[{"transitionId":75583,"projectId":4243,"transitionDate":"2015-03-01","path":"Closed Out","details":"This project aims at developing automated, on-board trajectory planning algorithms in order to support current and new mission concepts. These include Outer Planet Moon orbiters, missions to Phobos or Deimos, and robotic and crewed missions to small bodies. The challenges stem from the limited on-board computing resources which restrict full trajectory optimization with guaranteed convergence. The approach taken consists of leveraging pre-mission computations to create a large database of precomputed orbits and arcs. This allows the use of graph search algorithms on-board in order to provide good approximate solutions to the path planning problem. Coupled with robust optimization techniques, this method enables the determination of an effcient path between any boundary conditions with very little time and computing effort. The outcome of this project is thus the development of an algorithmic framework which allows the deployment of such an approach in a variety of specifc mission contexts. Test cases related to missions of interest to NASA and JPL will be provided to allow the evaluation of this approach. This method flls a gap in the toolbox being developed to create fully autonomous space exploration systems. This project has led to the successful flight hardware implementation of a rapid trajectory redesign tool. Aside from mission needs like that of a Phobos libration orbiter, the ability to create multiple transfer options with and without reference trajectories contributes to the NASA Roadmap goal of automated, onboard trajectory redesigns relates to the area of Robotics, Tele-Robotics and Autonomous Systems, and more specifcally to the subtopic area of Autonomy. Additionally, the combination of the theoretical and practical work done to create a truly onboard focused system contributes to NASA Roadmap item Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology and Processing, especially the subarea of Information Processing. Lastly, the method flexibility shown in the GSFC work on a Near Earth Asteroid Interceptor mission concept show the project potential to contribute to the NASA Grand Challenge category of Near Earth Object Detection and Mitigation.","infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"","dateText":"March 2015"}],"primaryImage":{"file":{"fileExtension":"jpg","fileId":313901,"fileSizeString":"0 Byte"},"id":306474,"description":"Project Image Automated Trajectory Design Using Resonant Dynamics","projectId":4243,"publishedDateString":""},"responsibleMd":{"acronym":"STMD","canUserEdit":false,"city":"","external":false,"linkCount":0,"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","naorganization":false,"organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"program":{"acronym":"STRG","active":true,"description":"
\tThe Space Technology Research Grants Program will accelerate the development of "push" technologies to support the future space science and exploration needs of NASA, other government agencies and the commercial space sector. Innovative efforts with high risk and high payoff will be encouraged. The program is composed of two competitively awarded components.
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