Strategically, the HRP conducts research and technology development that: 1) enables the development or modification of Agency-level human health and performance standards by the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) and 2) provides Human Exploration Operations Mission Directorate (HEOMD) with methods of meeting those standards in the design, development, and operation of mission systems.
HRP research focuses on reducing crew health and performance risks for exploration missions. In addition, HRP research gathers the data necessary to understand and mitigate the long-term health risks to the crew, to allow the update of specific crew health standards for each mission scenario, to support crew selection, and to address any rehabilitation requirements. The OCHMO owns and sets the standards upon which the HRP research efforts are based. The Transition to Medical Practice process defined by the OCHMO is used to review the HRP deliverable countermeasures and technologies prior to their operational use.
HRP technology development advances medical care and countermeasure systems for exploration and vehicle development programs’ missions. The HRP also develops and matures operational concepts to inform requirements for the design and operation of space vehicles and habitats needed for exploration. This includes requirements for displays and controls, internal environments, operations planning, habitability, and methodologies for maintaining crew physical and mental health as well as physical and cognitive capabilities.
The HRP is managed at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and comprised of six research and technology development projects. These projects provide the program knowledge and capabilities to conduct research addressing the human health and performance risks as well as advancing the readiness levels of technology and countermeasures to the point of transfer to the customer programs and organizations. The six projects within the HRP are referred to as Program Elements throughout this document. Each Element is managed at the JSC with research and technology development expertise provided by JSC, Ames Research Center (ARC), Glenn Research Center (GRC), the Langley Research Center (LaRC), and the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), as well as other Agencies, institutions and organizations identified in the following Element descriptions. The six Elements are:
1) Space Radiation (SR) Element – The SR Element performs investigations to develop the scientific basis to accurately predict and mitigate health risks from the space radiation environment. This knowledge yields recommendations to permissible exposure limits, assessment/projection tools/models of crew risk from radiation exposure, and models/tools to assess vehicle design for radiation protection. The SR Element conducts research using accelerator-based simulation of space radiation. The SR Element explores and develops countermeasures to the deleterious effects of radiation on human health. The LaRC and ARC contribute to the SR Element.
2) Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Element – The BHP Element identifies and characterizes the behavioral and performance risks associated with training, living and working in space, and returning to Earth. The BHP Element develops strategies, tools, and technologies to mitigate these risks.
3) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element – The ExMC Element is responsible for defining requirements for crew health maintenance during exploration missions, developing treatment scenarios, extrapolating from the scenarios to health management modalities, and evaluating the feasibility of those modalities for use during exploration missions. The ExMC Element is also responsible for the technology and informatics development that will enable the availability of medical care and decision systems for exploration missions. GRC, LaRC and ARC contribute technology development and clinical care expertise to the ExMC Element.
4) Space Human Factors and Habitability (SHFH) Element – The SHFH Element is focused on the human system in space environments: how do humans interface with spacecraft systems, and what environmental and habitation factors are essential to maintain crew health and performance? The SHFH Element has three main focus areas: space human factors engineering, advanced environmental health, and advanced food technology. The ARC contributes to the SHFH Element.
5) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element – The HHC Element is responsible for understanding the physiological effects of spaceflight and developing countermeasure strategies and procedures. The Element provides the biomedical expertise for the development and assessment of medical standards and vehicle and spacesuit requirements dictated by human physiological needs. In addition, the HHC Element develops a validated and integrated suite of countermeasures for exploration missions to ensure the maintenance of crew health during all mission phases. The ARC and GRC contribute to the HHC Element as well as international agencies cooperating on joint flight proposals, reduced gravity studies, and collaborative bed rest studies.
6) International Space Station Medical Projects (ISSMP) Element – The ISSMP Element is responsible for managing all ISS and ground analog human research activities, including those integrated with operational medical support of the crews, and to ensure research tasks are completed. The ISSMP is responsible for all planning, integration, and implementation services for HRP research tasks and evaluation activities requiring access to space or related flight resources on the ISS, Soyuz, Progress, Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), commercial vehicles and ground-based spaceflight analogs. This includes support to related pre- and postflight activities. The ARC contributes to the ISSMP with technical support to experiment management, hardware development, and international partner integration. KSC provides support for baseline data collection requirements development for future crew vehicles.
The work performed within the six Elements is supported by numerous collaborative efforts with academia and international agencies. Relationships with the ISS Program, the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) are critical to the HRP successfully meeting its objectives. The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships with the International Partners through various working groups. These relationships enhance the research capabilities and provide synergy between the research and technology efforts of different countries.
","programId":273,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":9526,"organizationName":"Space Operations Mission Directorate","acronym":"SOMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":9526,"stockImageFileId":28253,"title":"Human Research Program","acronymOrTitle":"HRP"},"acronym":"","description":"Original Project Aims/Objectives: The focus of the project is to use recently documented motivation gains in task groups (dyads in particular) to heighten the exercise experience for astronauts and help keep them motivated to exercise at levels necessary to mitigate reductions in aerobic fitness and muscle loss over long space missions. A secondary focus is to determine the most effective features in exercise partners for enhancing, enjoyment, confidence, and social connectedness. Specific aims: (1) Develop software to create Software Generated (SG) exercise partners and interface with exercise equipment (cycle ergometer) similar to equipment available on the International Space Station; (2) Test various design features of an SG partner within designed exercise video games to determine the most effective features for enhancing motivation to exercise, enjoyment, confidence, and connectedness; and (3) Test whether exercising with an SG partner over a 24-weeks, compared to exercising alone, leads to better aerobic capacity and muscle strength, adherence to exercise regimen, enhanced exercise enjoyment, self-efficacy, and sense of social connectedness. Key Findings since last report: In Year 3, we continued work on Aims 2 and 3. Aim 2 was a short-term study (6 days) to determine the most effective partners to enhance exercise intensity. In Aim 2, we tested an SG partner in one of three modes against an individual control condition: (a) coacting mode, where the subject cycled with the SG partner but whose performance was independent of the partner (i.e., they were not teammates), (b) conjunctive-teammate mode, where scores were based on the slower performer, and (c) choice mode where subject could choose coacting mode or conjunctive teammate mode for all trials. The experiment used activity routines developed by Ploutz-Snyder that consist of (a) 30 min. of continuous aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer at or above 75% of maximum heart rate (HR max) and (b) high-intensity interval training involving 4 repetitions of 4 min. at or above 90% HR max. In Aim 2 (Year 3), we tested an additional 38 chronic exercisers (22 female). Subjects (N = 82, 47 female; M age = 44.89, 9.45) were allowed to adjust the power output (watts) during workouts. The main outcome variable was average watts cycled above target prescribed watts. Results showed no condition main effects from baseline; however, during the 4 min. interval sessions conjunctive (Mdiff = 5.23 watts) trended toward greater exercise effort than control (Mdiff = 4.45 watts) and coactive conditions (3.46 watts). The 4 min. intervals probably represent the most motivationally demanding workout at 90% HR max. Increases in effort above target watts positively correlated with Enjoyment (r = .44), Self-efficacy (r = .51), and Team perceptions (r = .21) during the 4 min. intervals. No relationships were found with less intense continuous exercise. Although this pilot study did not find significant between group increases in performance effort, participants significantly increased their effort with our exercise video game (i.e., simulated bike paths). In Aim 3, long-term study, we tested an SG exercise partner in one of two modes: (a) conjunctive-teammate mode and (b) conjunctive teammate who is not always superior (NAS) and is sometimes surpassed by the subject (~15% of the time), plus (c) individual control condition. We finished both cohorts of subjects (Cohort 1 = 23; 11 female; Cohort 2 = 18; 7 female). Subjects (N = 41; M age = 45.53 8.12) exercised 6 days/week for 24 weeks, using the following aerobic routines developed by Ploutz-Snyder: (a) 30 min. of continuous aerobic exercise on a stationary cycle at or above 75% HR max, (b) 4x4 min. intervals at or above 90% HR max with 3 min. active rest, (c) 6x2 min. intervals at varying intensities with 2 min. active rest, and (d) 30 sec. sprint intervals at maximal effort with 20 sec. active rest. We first tested whether the Conjunctive or NAS groups adhered more to the protocol than Controls. Conjunctive (M = 122.67) and NAS (M = 123.69) conditions averaged 15 more days completing the protocol than the Control (M = 107.00). However, group differences were not statistically different. In terms of our primary dependent measure, effort (watt increases above one's target), analyses are based on the continuous and 4-min. interval sessions. Subjects were not allowed to increase their intensity on the 2-min. intervals. Similarly, the dependent measure for the 30 sec. sprints was number of intervals completed, which all subjects completed. During Week 20 (last week with >80% of subjects remaining), NAS subjects increased their effort more (M = 8.9 watts) compared to Controls (M = 1.5 watts; d = 0.37) and Conjunctive subjects (M = 3.9 watts) on the 4-min. interval workout. Throughout the duration of the study, NAS subjects always outperformed Controls on the 4-min. intervals. All groups had large significant increases in VO2max from baseline (M = 34) to midpoint (M = 39), then values leveled off from midpoint to final (M = 38). Social connectedness rose significantly from midpoint (M = 2.96) to final (M = 3.48), and those with an SG partner increased their teams' perceptions from midpoint (M = 3.39) to final (M = 4.22). Subjects in NAS (M = 7.85) and Conjunctive conditions (M = 7.26) had higher self-efficacy beliefs than Controls (M = 6.86 2.83) after 1 week with the SG partner. Enjoyment remained stable, above response scale midpoint, across 24 weeks. Impact of Key Findings: Aim 3: The findings in Aim 3 suggest that having an SG partner, where the subject can intermittently be superior (~15% of time in NAS condition) is most motivating in the most demanding 4-min interval workouts. Proposed Research Plan for Coming Year: We will prepare manuscripts to submit to journals and present results at professional conferences. ","benefits":"Exercising for purely personal concerns (for improving health, losing weight, physical rehabilitation, etc.) can be a powerful motivator to continue exercise and to exercise at intensity levels high enough to realize greater health benefits, but interpersonal and social concerns (for comparing favorably with others or for not letting a partner down) have the potential to add equally powerful new sources of motivation. These sources of motivation could open up a powerful set of new tools in exercise video game design for fitness especially for those with social physique anxiety, those who lack the time and/or resources to join an exercise group, and those in exercise rehabilitation therapies. Although current commercial exercise video games have been shown to have some health benefit in terms of increased caloric expenditure and cardiorespiratory endurance, few games have been based on theoretical knowledge of exercise motivation. Moreover, none of the extant exercise games (e.g., Wii Fit, PS-2's EyeToy: Kinetic) incorporate the critical design features suggested by contemporary social psychological research, particularly research on motivation gains in task groups (viz., immediate feedback on performance of one or more other players, the ability to control the discrepancy in abilities of players, and most importantly, the indispensability of individual player effort for determining team outcomes). Thus, our research has the potential for Earth-based commercial applications to build more engaging and enjoyable exercise video games for various populations. 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HRP research focuses on reducing crew health and performance risks for exploration missions. In addition, HRP research gathers the data necessary to understand and mitigate the long-term health risks to the crew, to allow the update of specific crew health standards for each mission scenario, to support crew selection, and to address any rehabilitation requirements. The OCHMO owns and sets the standards upon which the HRP research efforts are based. The Transition to Medical Practice process defined by the OCHMO is used to review the HRP deliverable countermeasures and technologies prior to their operational use.
HRP technology development advances medical care and countermeasure systems for exploration and vehicle development programs’ missions. The HRP also develops and matures operational concepts to inform requirements for the design and operation of space vehicles and habitats needed for exploration. This includes requirements for displays and controls, internal environments, operations planning, habitability, and methodologies for maintaining crew physical and mental health as well as physical and cognitive capabilities.
The HRP is managed at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and comprised of six research and technology development projects. These projects provide the program knowledge and capabilities to conduct research addressing the human health and performance risks as well as advancing the readiness levels of technology and countermeasures to the point of transfer to the customer programs and organizations. The six projects within the HRP are referred to as Program Elements throughout this document. Each Element is managed at the JSC with research and technology development expertise provided by JSC, Ames Research Center (ARC), Glenn Research Center (GRC), the Langley Research Center (LaRC), and the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), as well as other Agencies, institutions and organizations identified in the following Element descriptions. The six Elements are:
1) Space Radiation (SR) Element – The SR Element performs investigations to develop the scientific basis to accurately predict and mitigate health risks from the space radiation environment. This knowledge yields recommendations to permissible exposure limits, assessment/projection tools/models of crew risk from radiation exposure, and models/tools to assess vehicle design for radiation protection. The SR Element conducts research using accelerator-based simulation of space radiation. The SR Element explores and develops countermeasures to the deleterious effects of radiation on human health. The LaRC and ARC contribute to the SR Element.
2) Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Element – The BHP Element identifies and characterizes the behavioral and performance risks associated with training, living and working in space, and returning to Earth. The BHP Element develops strategies, tools, and technologies to mitigate these risks.
3) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element – The ExMC Element is responsible for defining requirements for crew health maintenance during exploration missions, developing treatment scenarios, extrapolating from the scenarios to health management modalities, and evaluating the feasibility of those modalities for use during exploration missions. The ExMC Element is also responsible for the technology and informatics development that will enable the availability of medical care and decision systems for exploration missions. GRC, LaRC and ARC contribute technology development and clinical care expertise to the ExMC Element.
4) Space Human Factors and Habitability (SHFH) Element – The SHFH Element is focused on the human system in space environments: how do humans interface with spacecraft systems, and what environmental and habitation factors are essential to maintain crew health and performance? The SHFH Element has three main focus areas: space human factors engineering, advanced environmental health, and advanced food technology. The ARC contributes to the SHFH Element.
5) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element – The HHC Element is responsible for understanding the physiological effects of spaceflight and developing countermeasure strategies and procedures. The Element provides the biomedical expertise for the development and assessment of medical standards and vehicle and spacesuit requirements dictated by human physiological needs. In addition, the HHC Element develops a validated and integrated suite of countermeasures for exploration missions to ensure the maintenance of crew health during all mission phases. The ARC and GRC contribute to the HHC Element as well as international agencies cooperating on joint flight proposals, reduced gravity studies, and collaborative bed rest studies.
6) International Space Station Medical Projects (ISSMP) Element – The ISSMP Element is responsible for managing all ISS and ground analog human research activities, including those integrated with operational medical support of the crews, and to ensure research tasks are completed. The ISSMP is responsible for all planning, integration, and implementation services for HRP research tasks and evaluation activities requiring access to space or related flight resources on the ISS, Soyuz, Progress, Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), commercial vehicles and ground-based spaceflight analogs. This includes support to related pre- and postflight activities. The ARC contributes to the ISSMP with technical support to experiment management, hardware development, and international partner integration. KSC provides support for baseline data collection requirements development for future crew vehicles.
The work performed within the six Elements is supported by numerous collaborative efforts with academia and international agencies. Relationships with the ISS Program, the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) are critical to the HRP successfully meeting its objectives. The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships with the International Partners through various working groups. These relationships enhance the research capabilities and provide synergy between the research and technology efforts of different countries.
","programId":273,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":9526,"organizationName":"Space Operations Mission Directorate","acronym":"SOMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":9526,"stockImageFileId":28253,"title":"Human Research Program","acronymOrTitle":"HRP"},"acronym":"","description":"Original Project Aims/Objectives: The focus of the project is to use recently documented motivation gains in task groups (dyads in particular) to heighten the exercise experience for astronauts and help keep them motivated to exercise at levels necessary to mitigate reductions in aerobic fitness and muscle loss over long space missions. A secondary focus is to determine the most effective features in exercise partners for enhancing, enjoyment, confidence, and social connectedness. Specific aims: (1) Develop software to create Software Generated (SG) exercise partners and interface with exercise equipment (cycle ergometer) similar to equipment available on the International Space Station; (2) Test various design features of an SG partner within designed exercise video games to determine the most effective features for enhancing motivation to exercise, enjoyment, confidence, and connectedness; and (3) Test whether exercising with an SG partner over a 24-weeks, compared to exercising alone, leads to better aerobic capacity and muscle strength, adherence to exercise regimen, enhanced exercise enjoyment, self-efficacy, and sense of social connectedness. Key Findings since last report: In Year 3, we continued work on Aims 2 and 3. Aim 2 was a short-term study (6 days) to determine the most effective partners to enhance exercise intensity. In Aim 2, we tested an SG partner in one of three modes against an individual control condition: (a) coacting mode, where the subject cycled with the SG partner but whose performance was independent of the partner (i.e., they were not teammates), (b) conjunctive-teammate mode, where scores were based on the slower performer, and (c) choice mode where subject could choose coacting mode or conjunctive teammate mode for all trials. The experiment used activity routines developed by Ploutz-Snyder that consist of (a) 30 min. of continuous aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer at or above 75% of maximum heart rate (HR max) and (b) high-intensity interval training involving 4 repetitions of 4 min. at or above 90% HR max. In Aim 2 (Year 3), we tested an additional 38 chronic exercisers (22 female). Subjects (N = 82, 47 female; M age = 44.89, 9.45) were allowed to adjust the power output (watts) during workouts. The main outcome variable was average watts cycled above target prescribed watts. Results showed no condition main effects from baseline; however, during the 4 min. interval sessions conjunctive (Mdiff = 5.23 watts) trended toward greater exercise effort than control (Mdiff = 4.45 watts) and coactive conditions (3.46 watts). The 4 min. intervals probably represent the most motivationally demanding workout at 90% HR max. Increases in effort above target watts positively correlated with Enjoyment (r = .44), Self-efficacy (r = .51), and Team perceptions (r = .21) during the 4 min. intervals. No relationships were found with less intense continuous exercise. Although this pilot study did not find significant between group increases in performance effort, participants significantly increased their effort with our exercise video game (i.e., simulated bike paths). In Aim 3, long-term study, we tested an SG exercise partner in one of two modes: (a) conjunctive-teammate mode and (b) conjunctive teammate who is not always superior (NAS) and is sometimes surpassed by the subject (~15% of the time), plus (c) individual control condition. We finished both cohorts of subjects (Cohort 1 = 23; 11 female; Cohort 2 = 18; 7 female). Subjects (N = 41; M age = 45.53 8.12) exercised 6 days/week for 24 weeks, using the following aerobic routines developed by Ploutz-Snyder: (a) 30 min. of continuous aerobic exercise on a stationary cycle at or above 75% HR max, (b) 4x4 min. intervals at or above 90% HR max with 3 min. active rest, (c) 6x2 min. intervals at varying intensities with 2 min. active rest, and (d) 30 sec. sprint intervals at maximal effort with 20 sec. active rest. We first tested whether the Conjunctive or NAS groups adhered more to the protocol than Controls. Conjunctive (M = 122.67) and NAS (M = 123.69) conditions averaged 15 more days completing the protocol than the Control (M = 107.00). However, group differences were not statistically different. In terms of our primary dependent measure, effort (watt increases above one's target), analyses are based on the continuous and 4-min. interval sessions. Subjects were not allowed to increase their intensity on the 2-min. intervals. Similarly, the dependent measure for the 30 sec. sprints was number of intervals completed, which all subjects completed. During Week 20 (last week with >80% of subjects remaining), NAS subjects increased their effort more (M = 8.9 watts) compared to Controls (M = 1.5 watts; d = 0.37) and Conjunctive subjects (M = 3.9 watts) on the 4-min. interval workout. Throughout the duration of the study, NAS subjects always outperformed Controls on the 4-min. intervals. All groups had large significant increases in VO2max from baseline (M = 34) to midpoint (M = 39), then values leveled off from midpoint to final (M = 38). Social connectedness rose significantly from midpoint (M = 2.96) to final (M = 3.48), and those with an SG partner increased their teams' perceptions from midpoint (M = 3.39) to final (M = 4.22). Subjects in NAS (M = 7.85) and Conjunctive conditions (M = 7.26) had higher self-efficacy beliefs than Controls (M = 6.86 2.83) after 1 week with the SG partner. Enjoyment remained stable, above response scale midpoint, across 24 weeks. Impact of Key Findings: Aim 3: The findings in Aim 3 suggest that having an SG partner, where the subject can intermittently be superior (~15% of time in NAS condition) is most motivating in the most demanding 4-min interval workouts. Proposed Research Plan for Coming Year: We will prepare manuscripts to submit to journals and present results at professional conferences. ","benefits":"Exercising for purely personal concerns (for improving health, losing weight, physical rehabilitation, etc.) can be a powerful motivator to continue exercise and to exercise at intensity levels high enough to realize greater health benefits, but interpersonal and social concerns (for comparing favorably with others or for not letting a partner down) have the potential to add equally powerful new sources of motivation. These sources of motivation could open up a powerful set of new tools in exercise video game design for fitness especially for those with social physique anxiety, those who lack the time and/or resources to join an exercise group, and those in exercise rehabilitation therapies. Although current commercial exercise video games have been shown to have some health benefit in terms of increased caloric expenditure and cardiorespiratory endurance, few games have been based on theoretical knowledge of exercise motivation. Moreover, none of the extant exercise games (e.g., Wii Fit, PS-2's EyeToy: Kinetic) incorporate the critical design features suggested by contemporary social psychological research, particularly research on motivation gains in task groups (viz., immediate feedback on performance of one or more other players, the ability to control the discrepancy in abilities of players, and most importantly, the indispensability of individual player effort for determining team outcomes). Thus, our research has the potential for Earth-based commercial applications to build more engaging and enjoyable exercise video games for various populations. ","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","destinationType":["Mars"],"trlBegin":4,"trlCurrent":6,"trlEnd":6,"favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"programContacts":[{"contactId":103847,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"David","lastName":"Baumann","fullName":"David K Baumann","fullNameInverted":"Baumann, David K","middleInitial":"K","email":"david.k.baumann@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":181,"programId":273,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"endDateString":"Jul 2016","startDateString":"Jun 2013"},"technologyOutcomePartner":"Other","technologyOutcomeDate":"2016-07-31","infusion":"Other","technologyOutcomePath":"Closed_Out","technologyOutcomeRationale":"Other","details":"The major emphasis in Year 3 was to complete our 24-week study (Aim 3). We have now collected and analyzed data on both cohorts of subjects (N = 41; 18 female). The first cohort included 11 women, 12 men (M age = 46.74; ± = 6.98). The second cohort included 7 women, 11 men (M age = 44.17; 9.31). We strived for equal numbers of males and females, but in any case, insured proportional numbers of males and females in each condition. Subjects were similar in age (M = 45.53 8.12) and aerobic fitness (M = 33.77 6.15) to experienced astronauts. Subjects in Cohort 1 finished their training program in June 2015. Cohort 2 started between August and November, 2015 and finished between February and May, 2016. Baseline, midpoint, and post-test fitness data have been collected and analyzed as well as measures of enjoyment, self-efficacy, social connectedness, and perceived team perceptions. We began our long-term study (Aim 3) before finishing our short-term, 6-day study (Aim 2) in order to stay on schedule. In Year 3, also we finished Study 1 (Aim 2) to provide a larger sample comparing the 30 min. continuous cycling (at 75% VO2 max) and high-intensity interval cycling involving 4 repetitions of 4 min. (at 90% VO2 max) under SG partner/no partner conditions. We tested an additional 38 chronic exercisers (22 female). Total subjects were 86 (47 female; M age = 44.89, 9.45). We have presented our preliminary findings for both studies at regional, national, and international conferences. We have begun drafting manuscripts to submit to various research journals and conducting more fine-grained analyses. ","infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"Project closed out","isIndirect":false,"technologyOutcomeRationalePretty":"Other","infusionPretty":"Other","isBiDirectional":false,"technologyOutcomeDateString":"Jul 2016","technologyOutcomeDateFullString":"July 2016","technologyOutcomePartnerPretty":"Other","technologyOutcomePathPretty":"Closed Out"}],"libraryItems":[{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309528,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Feltz DL, Ede A, Winn B, Pivarnik JM, Kerr NL, Jeffery W, Deere S, Samendinger S, Max EJ, Hill CR, Ploutz-Snyder L. \"Cyber Partners in Exergames: Boosting Motivation to Exercise Harder.\" 2015 NASA Human Research Program Investigators’ Workshop, Galveston, TX, January 13-15, 2015. 2015 NASA Human Research Program Investigators’ Workshop, Galveston, TX, January 13-15, 2015., Jan-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309512,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Winn B, Jeffery W, Durand-Hollis X, Kozma G, Ward D, Pivarnik JM, Kerr NL, Ede A, Samendinger S, Ploutz-Snyder L, Feltz DL. \"Train like an astronaut.\" International Conference on Meaningful Play, East Lansing, MI, October16-18, 2014. 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(Faculty Mentors: Triplett, A.N., Hill, C.R., Deere, S.J., Pivarnik, J.M., & Feltz, D.L.) \"Changes in VO2max Over a 24-Week Cycle Ergometer Interval Program.\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI., April 8, 2016. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, 2016. p. 171: http://urca.msu.edu/forums/uuraf-2016 , Apr-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309511,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Feltz DL, Winn B, Pivarnik JM, Kerr NL, Ede A, Samendinger S, Forlenza ST, Max EJ. \"Cyber partners: harnessing group dynamics to boost motivation for more efficient exercise.\" 2014 NASA Human Research Program Investigators’ Workshop, Galveston, TX, February 12-13, 2014. 2014 NASA Human Research Program Investigators’ Workshop, Galveston, TX, February 12-13, 2014. http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/hrp2014/pdf/3010.pdf , Feb-2014 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309510,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Pilarski HM, Sterk EE, Dissanayake PW; Mentors: Ede A, Feltz DL. \"Comparison of Subjective and Objective Measures of Exertion During a Stationary Bicycling Exergame.\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 4, 2014. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, April 2014., Apr-2014 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309506,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Schneider A, Smith AB. (Faculty Mentors: Hill C.R., Feltz D.L., Pivarnik J.M., & Triplett A.N.) \"Changes in VO2max over a 24-week cycle ergometer interval program.\" Mid-Michigan Symposium for Undergraduate Research Experience (Mid-SURE), East Lansing, MI, July 27, 2016. Mid-Michigan Symposium for Undergraduate Research Experience (Mid-SURE), 2016., Jul-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309504,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Lemmen N, Kelbel M, Sutherland M. (Faculty Mentors: Hill, C.R., Samendinger, S. & Feltz, D.L.) \"Self-efficacy over 3 months of intense exercise with a virtual partner.\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI., April 8, 2016. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, 2016. P166: http://urca.msu.edu/forums/uuraf-2016 ; accessed 2/11/21., Apr-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309530,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Bouchard D, Glaab B, Schulte S; Mentors: Ede A, Hill CR, Feltz DL. \"Can you achieve fitness goals with a game?\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 10, 2015. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 10, 2015., Apr-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309524,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Higbee A, Woods A, Rabaut A. (Faculty Mentors: Hill, C.R., Samendinger, S., & Feltz, D.L.) \"The role of gender influence on ratings of exercise exertion.\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 8, 2016. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum. p. 170: http://urca.msu.edu/forums/uuraf-2016 ; accessed 2/11/21., Apr-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309522,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Hill CR, Ede A, Samendinger S, Winn B, Pivarnik JM, Ploutz-Synder L, Feltz DL. \"Can a Virtual Partner be a Real Teammate? Group and Team Perceptions in an Exergame Intervention.\" North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2016 Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, June 15-18, 2016. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2016 Jun;37(Suppl). http://naspspa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2016-NASPSPA-Abstract-Supplement-6-13-16.pdf ; accessed 2/11/21., Jun-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309521,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Samendinger S, Ede A, Hill CR, Winn B, Pivarnik JM, Kerr NL, Max EJ, Ploutz-Synder L, Feltz DL. \"Cyber Partners for Long-Term Space Missions: Boosting Motivation to Maintain Intense Exercise.\" North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2016 Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, June 15-18, 2016. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2016 Jun;37(Suppl). http://naspspa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2016-NASPSPA-Abstract-Supplement-6-13-16.pdf ; accessed 2/11/21., Jun-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309527,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Ede A, Hill CR, Winn B, Pivarnik JM, Kerr NL, Jeffery W, Deere SJ, Spencer B, Ploutz-Snyder L, Feltz DL. \"Cyber Partners for Astronauts: Boosting Motivation to Exercise Harder with Exergames.\" North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2015 Conference, Portland, OR, June 2015. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2015;37(S111)., Jun-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309520,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Samendinger S, Hill CR, Winn B, Ede A, Kerr NL, Pivarnik JM, Ploutz-Snyder L, Feltz DL. \"Attitudes toward software-generated exercise partners during high-intensity training.\" International Conference on Meaningful Play, East Lansing, MI, October 20-22, 2016. International Conference on Meaningful Play, 2016., Oct-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309517,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Smith AB, Triplett AN, Hill CR, Deere SJ, Pivarnik JM, Ploutz-Synder L, Feltz DL. \"Changes in Muscular Strength Over a 24-Week Cycle Ergometer Intervention.\" American College of Sports Medicine 63rd Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, May 31-June 4, 2016. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 May;48(5 Suppl 1):709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487130.90073.80 , May-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309526,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Feltz DL. \"The Köhler Effect: From Jocks to Smocks to Astronauts.\" North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2016 Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, June 15-18, 2016. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2016 Jun;37(Suppl). http://naspspa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2016-NASPSPA-Abstract-Supplement-6-13-16.pdf ; accessed 2/11/21., Jun-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309523,"title":"Abstracts for Journals and Proceedings","description":"Rabaut A, Curl R, Mossbarger A; Mentors: Ede A, Hill CR, Feltz DL. \"Feeling like a team: Confidence in a partner to help with exercise goals in a video game.\" Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 10, 2015. Michigan State University Undergraduate Research and Arts Forum, East Lansing, MI, April 10, 2015., Apr-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309513,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Feltz DL, Hill CR, Samendinger S, Myers ND, Pivarnik JM, Winn B, Ede A, Ploutz-Snyder L. \"Can simulated partners boost workout effort in long-term exercise?\" J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Sep;34(9):2434-42. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003732 ; PMID: 32732774 , Sep-2020 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309514,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Samendinger S, Hill CR, Kerr NL, Winn B, Ede A, Pivarnik JM, Ploutz-Snyder L, Feltz DL. \"Group dynamics motivation to increase exercise intensity with a virtual partner.\" J Sport Health Sci. 2019 May;8(3):289-97. Epub 2018 Aug 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.08.003 ; PubMed PMID: 31193273; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6523870 , May-2019 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309515,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Lee S, Myers ND, Park T, Hill CR, Feltz DL. \"An exploratory study on the Köhler effect and flow in long-term exergaming.\" Simulation & Gaming. 2018 Oct;49(5):538-52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878118776043 (reported originally December 2016 as \"First Published 21 May 2018.\"), Oct-2018 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309516,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Feltz DL, Ploutz-Snyder L, Winn B, Kerr NL, Pivarnik JM, Ede A, Hill C, Samendinger S, Jeffery W. \"Simulated Partners and Collaborative Exercise (SPACE) to boost motivation for astronauts: Study protocol.\" BMC Psychol. 2016 Nov 14;4(1):54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-016-0165-9 ; PubMed PMID: 27842603; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5109642, Nov-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309532,"title":"Awards","description":"Feltz D. \"Distinguished Scholar Award, June 2015.\" Jun-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":314893,"title":"Project Website","libraryItemType":"Link","url":"https://taskbook.nasaprs.com","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Link","modifiedDateString":"10/25/24 02:23 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309533,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"DuHadway K. \"Deborah Feltz interviewed for newspaper story, ‘Train like an astronaut’ at MSU.' \" Lansing State Journal, October 5, 2015. http://www.lansingstatejournal.com/story/news/local/2015/10/05/train-like-astronaut-msu/73233926 ; accessed 2/11/21., Oct-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309534,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"Gruber S. \"Deborah Feltz interviewed on Steve Gruber radio show, WJIM, Lansing, MI.\" Steve Gruber Show, WJIM, Lansing, MI, October 7, 2015: 1240 WJIM., Oct-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309529,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"Orlov A. \"Interview of Deborah Feltz for editorial website, 'Are Virtual Workout Buddies the Future of Fitness?' \" Daily Burn's editorial website by Alexandra Orlov, January 11, 2016. http://dailyburn.com/life/fitness/virtual-fitness-buddy-benefits/ ; accessed 2/11/21., Jan-2016 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309508,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"McGlashen A, Feltz DL. \"Fueling fitness on the final frontier. Article about PI's NASA research.\" Michigan State University Today, Press Release, May 21, 2013. http://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2013/fueling-fitness-on-the-final-frontier/ ; accessed 2/11/21., May-2013 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309531,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"Feltz DL. \"Faculty Testimonial by Dr. Deborah Feltz for ResearchMatch. Overview of the study was highlighted on MSU ResearchMatch.\" Michigan State University Clinical & Translational Institute online ResearchMatch, February 2015., Feb-2015 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309505,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"Khalil J. \"MSU Gets $2.4 Million from NASA for Mars Project. PI interviewed about NASA research.\" Interview on WLNS TV, Lansing, MI, June 17, 2013., Jun-2013 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":309507,"title":"Significant Media Coverage","description":"Feltz DL. Interviewee. \"MSU studying ways to keep astronauts fit in deep space. Interview.\" Interview on WKAR (Michigan State University), June 7, 2013. http://wkar.org/post/msu-studying-ways-keep-astronauts-fit-deep-space ; accessed 2/11/21., Jun-2013 ","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":34481,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"01/17/24 08:47 PM"}],"states":[{"abbreviation":"MI","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Michigan","stateTerritoryId":34,"isTerritory":false}],"endDateString":"Jul 2016","startDateString":"Jun 2013"}}