{"projectId":34030,"project":{"projectId":34030,"title":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs","startDate":"2015-06-17","startYear":2015,"startMonth":6,"endDate":"2015-12-17","endYear":2015,"endMonth":12,"programId":73,"program":{"ableToSelect":false,"acronym":"SBIR/STTR","isActive":true,"description":"<p>The NASA SBIR and STTR programs fund the research, development, and demonstration of innovative technologies that fulfill NASA needs as described in the annual Solicitations and have significant potential for successful commercialization. If you are a small business concern (SBC) with 500 or fewer employees or a non-profit RI such as a university or a research laboratory with ties to an SBC, then NASA encourages you to learn more about the SBIR and STTR programs as a potential source of seed funding for the development of your innovations.</p><p><strong>The SBIR and STTR programs have 3 phases</strong>:</p><ul><li><strong>Phase I</strong> is the opportunity to establish the scientific, technical, and commercial feasibility of the proposed innovation in fulfillment of NASA needs.</li><li><strong>Phase II</strong> is focused on the development, demonstration and delivery of the proposed innovation.</li></ul><p>The SBIR and STTR Phase I contracts last for 6 months with a maximum funding of $125,000, and Phase II contracts last for 24 months with a maximum funding of $750,000 - $1.5 million.</p><ul><li><strong>Phase III</strong> is the commercialization of innovative technologies, products, and services resulting from either a Phase I or Phase II contract. Phase III contracts are funded from sources other than the SBIR and STTR programs and may be awarded without further competition.</li></ul><p><strong>Opportunity for Continued Technology Development Post-Phase II</strong>:</p><p>The NASA SBIR/STTR Program currently has in place two initiatives for supporting its small business partners past the basic Phase I and Phase II elements of the program that emphasize opportunities for commercialization. Specifically, the NASA SBIR/STTR Program has the Phase II Enhancement (Phase II-E) and Phase II eXpanded (Phase II-X) contract options.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Please review the links below to obtain more information on the SBIR/STTR programs.</strong></p><ul><li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/ParticipationGuide.pdf\">Participation Guide</a></strong></li></ul><p>Provides an overview of the SBIR and STTR programs as implemented by NASA</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/solicitations\">Program Solicitations</a></strong></li></ul><p>Provides access to the annual SBIR/STTR Solicitations containing detailed information on the program eligibility requirements, proposal instructions and research topics and subtopics</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/prg_sched_anncmnt\">Schedule and Awards</a></strong></li></ul><p>Schedule and links for the SBIR/STTR solicitations and selection announcements</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/content/additional-sources-assistance\">Sources of Assistance</a></strong></li></ul><p>Federal and non-Federal sources of assistance for small business</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/abstract_archives\">Awarded Abstracts</a></strong></li></ul><p>Search our complete archive of awarded project abstracts to learn about what NASA has funded</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/content/frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions</a></strong></li></ul><p>&nbsp;Still have questions? Visit the program FAQs</p>","parentProgram":{"ableToSelect":false,"isActive":true,"description":"Catalyst is a portfolio of early stage programs that specialize in different innovation constituencies and mechanisms to push the state of the art in aerospace technology development","programId":92327,"responsibleMd":{"canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":""},"title":"Catalyst","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"Catalyst"},"parentProgramId":92327,"programId":73,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","acronym":"STMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":4875,"stockImageFileId":36648,"title":"Small Business Innovation Research/Small Business Tech Transfer","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"SBIR/STTR"},"description":"Redundancy is a powerful technique for achieving high levels of Single Event Upset (SEU) tolerance when utilizing commercial technology. While the multiple CPU cores boost performance by operating in parallel, they also can operate redundantly in order to maximize tolerance to SEUs. This approach requires a software framework to configure and operate the redundant system. In this proposed effort, Innoflight will develop a Software Redundancy Framework (SRF) for Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Multi-core System-on-Chip (SoC) Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The SRF is an IP core on an FPGA and associated software modules offering an elegant suite of targeted mitigations for SEUs, thus enabling COTS hardware to bring its superior SWaP to demanding radiation environments for the first time. We will examine the SRF: (a) initially with single-threaded user applications; (b) then with multithreaded applications; (c) testing with prototype hardware including under proton single event effects (SEE) testing; and (d) finally a potential flight demonstration on the ICE-Cap mission slated for launch in 2015. At the end of Phase II, Innoflight will have a complete framework that is ready for implementation on operational space computing platforms","benefits":"SRF enables the application of high-performance processors, when embedded in COTS FPGAs, in NASA missions that traditionally demanded radiation hard by design (RHBD) processors with their associated performance, power and cost. A lower-cost compact flight computer, based on a multi-core SoC FPGA, and utilizing SRF provides Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) benefits, especially for deep space missions needing moderate radiation tolerance. These applications span the entire range of space missions from Deep Space all the way down to LEO environments where operational reliability requirements demand improved SEU tolerance. There are currently a significant number of missions contemplating GTO, MEO and HEO orbits with small spacecraft for scientific, military and commercial applications that could benefit from the SRF.<br /> <br />Commercial ventures in deep space for asteroid mining and other potentially lucrative opportunities are highly motivated to leverage COTS electronics in their spacecraft designs and will be equally interested as NASA in SRF for enabling COTS FPGA utilization. Commercial satellite communications (SATCOM) spacecraft traditionally use pedigree electronics but with the recent interest in constellations of hundreds of communication satellite in 5+ year LEO missions they will be interested in technologies that enable the COTS for SWaP-C benefits. With ongoing Congressional budget pressures and interests in disaggregated and fractionated architectures the DoD and Intelligence Community will find interest and potential application of SRF to enable COTS FPGAs for longer LEO, GEO and possibly MEO missions as well.","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","viewCount":525,"destinationType":["Earth"],"trlBegin":2,"trlCurrent":4,"trlEnd":4,"lastUpdated":"01/22/26","favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"projectContacts":[{"contactId":3250903,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Gary","lastName":"Crum","fullName":"Gary Crum","fullNameInverted":"Crum, Gary","email":"Gary.A.Crum@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_Contact","projectContactRole":"Project_Manager","projectContactId":544699,"projectId":34030,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Project Manager"},{"contactId":240362,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Jonathan","lastName":"Wolff","fullName":"Jonathan Wolff","fullNameInverted":"Wolff, Jonathan","email":"Jwolff@Innoflight.Com","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Principal_Investigator","projectContactId":544700,"projectId":34030,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Principal Investigator"}],"programContacts":[{"contactId":206378,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Kessler","fullName":"Jason L Kessler","fullNameInverted":"Kessler, Jason L","middleInitial":"L","email":"jason.l.kessler@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":143,"programId":73,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""},{"contactId":62051,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Carlos","lastName":"Torrez","fullName":"Carlos Torrez","fullNameInverted":"Torrez, Carlos","email":"carlos.torrez@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Manager","programContactId":194,"programId":73,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Manager","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"leadOrganization":{"organizationId":2640,"organizationName":"Innoflight, Inc.","organizationType":"Industry","city":"San Diego","stateTerritoryId":59,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"CA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"California","stateTerritoryId":59,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"","dunsNumber":"196387851","uei":"KR35JNZWXF97","cageCode":"43HV1","congressionalDistrict":"California 52","projectId":34030,"projectOrganizationId":572589,"organizationRole":"Lead_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Lead Organization","organizationTypePretty":"Industry"},"otherOrganizations":[{"organizationId":2640,"organizationName":"Innoflight, Inc.","organizationType":"Industry","city":"San Diego","stateTerritoryId":59,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"CA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"California","stateTerritoryId":59,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"","dunsNumber":"196387851","uei":"KR35JNZWXF97","cageCode":"43HV1","congressionalDistrict":"California 52","projectId":34030,"projectOrganizationId":572589,"organizationRole":"Lead_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Lead Organization","organizationTypePretty":"Industry"},{"organizationId":4947,"organizationName":"Goddard Space Flight Center","acronym":"GSFC","organizationType":"NASA_Center","city":"Greenbelt","stateTerritoryId":3,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"MD","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Maryland","stateTerritoryId":3,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"20771","projectId":34030,"projectOrganizationId":572590,"organizationRole":"Supporting_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Supporting Organization","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Center"}],"primaryTx":{"taxonomyNodeId":11060,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11052,"code":"TX02.2.8","title":"Advanced Commercial-off-the-Shelf Technologies","description":"Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies offer performance; availability; and potential size, weight, and power (SWaP) advantages. These advantages may come at the cost of unknown radiation and reliability performance; a lack of guaranteed process, traceability, and configuration control; and shorter product life cycles. Successful use of advanced COTS technologies results from the availability of and attention to guidelines, best practices, lessons learned, risk mitigation techniques, and other information sharing to ensure the components meet the requirements for the mission, environment, applications, and lifetime.","exampleTechnologies":"Uses of advanced commercial microcircuits, semiconductors and passives; Guidelines of using prediction-error minimization (PEM) with Cu wire bonds, nano connectors, composite connectors; Implementation of commercial processors, FPGAs, memories; Analog to digital converter/digital to analog converters (ADC/DACs); Power management; Radiation Single Event Effect (SEE) mitigation approaches; Resilient architecture approaches","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":false,"isPrimary":true,"hasInteriorContent":true},"primaryTxTree":[[{"taxonomyNodeId":11042,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"code":"TX02","title":"Flight Computing and Avionics","level":1,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11052,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11042,"code":"TX02.2","title":"Avionics Systems and Subsystems","description":"Avionics systems and subsystems are the building blocks for vehicles and spacecraft that implement key functionality for command and data handling, data acquisitions, and other essential functions for NASA missions.","level":2,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11060,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11052,"code":"TX02.2.8","title":"Advanced Commercial-off-the-Shelf Technologies","description":"Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies offer performance; availability; and potential size, weight, and power (SWaP) advantages. These advantages may come at the cost of unknown radiation and reliability performance; a lack of guaranteed process, traceability, and configuration control; and shorter product life cycles. Successful use of advanced COTS technologies results from the availability of and attention to guidelines, best practices, lessons learned, risk mitigation techniques, and other information sharing to ensure the components meet the requirements for the mission, environment, applications, and lifetime.","exampleTechnologies":"Uses of advanced commercial microcircuits, semiconductors and passives; Guidelines of using prediction-error minimization (PEM) with Cu wire bonds, nano connectors, composite connectors; Implementation of commercial processors, FPGAs, memories; Analog to digital converter/digital to analog converters (ADC/DACs); Power management; Radiation Single Event Effect (SEE) mitigation approaches; Resilient architecture approaches","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":true,"hasInteriorContent":true}]],"technologyOutcomes":[{"technologyOutcomeId":95180,"projectId":34030,"project":{"projectId":34030,"title":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs","startDate":"2015-06-17","startYear":2015,"startMonth":6,"endDate":"2015-12-17","endYear":2015,"endMonth":12,"programId":73,"program":{"ableToSelect":false,"acronym":"SBIR/STTR","isActive":true,"description":"<p>The NASA SBIR and STTR programs fund the research, development, and demonstration of innovative technologies that fulfill NASA needs as described in the annual Solicitations and have significant potential for successful commercialization. If you are a small business concern (SBC) with 500 or fewer employees or a non-profit RI such as a university or a research laboratory with ties to an SBC, then NASA encourages you to learn more about the SBIR and STTR programs as a potential source of seed funding for the development of your innovations.</p><p><strong>The SBIR and STTR programs have 3 phases</strong>:</p><ul><li><strong>Phase I</strong> is the opportunity to establish the scientific, technical, and commercial feasibility of the proposed innovation in fulfillment of NASA needs.</li><li><strong>Phase II</strong> is focused on the development, demonstration and delivery of the proposed innovation.</li></ul><p>The SBIR and STTR Phase I contracts last for 6 months with a maximum funding of $125,000, and Phase II contracts last for 24 months with a maximum funding of $750,000 - $1.5 million.</p><ul><li><strong>Phase III</strong> is the commercialization of innovative technologies, products, and services resulting from either a Phase I or Phase II contract. Phase III contracts are funded from sources other than the SBIR and STTR programs and may be awarded without further competition.</li></ul><p><strong>Opportunity for Continued Technology Development Post-Phase II</strong>:</p><p>The NASA SBIR/STTR Program currently has in place two initiatives for supporting its small business partners past the basic Phase I and Phase II elements of the program that emphasize opportunities for commercialization. Specifically, the NASA SBIR/STTR Program has the Phase II Enhancement (Phase II-E) and Phase II eXpanded (Phase II-X) contract options.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Please review the links below to obtain more information on the SBIR/STTR programs.</strong></p><ul><li><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/ParticipationGuide.pdf\">Participation Guide</a></strong></li></ul><p>Provides an overview of the SBIR and STTR programs as implemented by NASA</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/solicitations\">Program Solicitations</a></strong></li></ul><p>Provides access to the annual SBIR/STTR Solicitations containing detailed information on the program eligibility requirements, proposal instructions and research topics and subtopics</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/prg_sched_anncmnt\">Schedule and Awards</a></strong></li></ul><p>Schedule and links for the SBIR/STTR solicitations and selection announcements</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/content/additional-sources-assistance\">Sources of Assistance</a></strong></li></ul><p>Federal and non-Federal sources of assistance for small business</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/abstract_archives\">Awarded Abstracts</a></strong></li></ul><p>Search our complete archive of awarded project abstracts to learn about what NASA has funded</p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/content/frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions</a></strong></li></ul><p>&nbsp;Still have questions? Visit the program FAQs</p>","parentProgram":{"ableToSelect":false,"isActive":true,"description":"Catalyst is a portfolio of early stage programs that specialize in different innovation constituencies and mechanisms to push the state of the art in aerospace technology development","programId":92327,"responsibleMd":{"canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":""},"title":"Catalyst","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"Catalyst"},"parentProgramId":92327,"programId":73,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":4875,"organizationName":"Space Technology Mission Directorate","acronym":"STMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":4875,"stockImageFileId":36648,"title":"Small Business Innovation Research/Small Business Tech Transfer","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"SBIR/STTR"},"description":"Redundancy is a powerful technique for achieving high levels of Single Event Upset (SEU) tolerance when utilizing commercial technology. While the multiple CPU cores boost performance by operating in parallel, they also can operate redundantly in order to maximize tolerance to SEUs. This approach requires a software framework to configure and operate the redundant system. In this proposed effort, Innoflight will develop a Software Redundancy Framework (SRF) for Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Multi-core System-on-Chip (SoC) Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The SRF is an IP core on an FPGA and associated software modules offering an elegant suite of targeted mitigations for SEUs, thus enabling COTS hardware to bring its superior SWaP to demanding radiation environments for the first time. We will examine the SRF: (a) initially with single-threaded user applications; (b) then with multithreaded applications; (c) testing with prototype hardware including under proton single event effects (SEE) testing; and (d) finally a potential flight demonstration on the ICE-Cap mission slated for launch in 2015. At the end of Phase II, Innoflight will have a complete framework that is ready for implementation on operational space computing platforms","benefits":"SRF enables the application of high-performance processors, when embedded in COTS FPGAs, in NASA missions that traditionally demanded radiation hard by design (RHBD) processors with their associated performance, power and cost. A lower-cost compact flight computer, based on a multi-core SoC FPGA, and utilizing SRF provides Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) benefits, especially for deep space missions needing moderate radiation tolerance. These applications span the entire range of space missions from Deep Space all the way down to LEO environments where operational reliability requirements demand improved SEU tolerance. There are currently a significant number of missions contemplating GTO, MEO and HEO orbits with small spacecraft for scientific, military and commercial applications that could benefit from the SRF.<br /> <br />Commercial ventures in deep space for asteroid mining and other potentially lucrative opportunities are highly motivated to leverage COTS electronics in their spacecraft designs and will be equally interested as NASA in SRF for enabling COTS FPGA utilization. Commercial satellite communications (SATCOM) spacecraft traditionally use pedigree electronics but with the recent interest in constellations of hundreds of communication satellite in 5+ year LEO missions they will be interested in technologies that enable the COTS for SWaP-C benefits. With ongoing Congressional budget pressures and interests in disaggregated and fractionated architectures the DoD and Intelligence Community will find interest and potential application of SRF to enable COTS FPGAs for longer LEO, GEO and possibly MEO missions as well.","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","destinationType":["Earth"],"trlBegin":2,"trlCurrent":4,"trlEnd":4,"favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"programContacts":[{"contactId":62051,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Carlos","lastName":"Torrez","fullName":"Carlos Torrez","fullNameInverted":"Torrez, Carlos","email":"carlos.torrez@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Manager","programContactId":194,"programId":73,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Manager","projectContactRolePretty":""},{"contactId":206378,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Kessler","fullName":"Jason L Kessler","fullNameInverted":"Kessler, Jason L","middleInitial":"L","email":"jason.l.kessler@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":143,"programId":73,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"endDateString":"Dec 2015","startDateString":"Jun 2015"},"technologyOutcomeDate":"2015-12-17","technologyOutcomePath":"Closed_Out","details":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs, Phase I Project Image","files":[{"title":"Final Summary Chart Image","file":{"fileExtension":"png","fileId":361477,"fileName":"SBIR_15_1_S3_09-9398","fileSize":56872,"objectId":95180,"objectType":"technologyOutcomeFiles","presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"55.5 KB"},"technologyOutcomeId":95180,"fileId":361477}],"infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"Project closed out","isIndirect":false,"infusionPretty":"","isBiDirectional":false,"technologyOutcomeDateString":"Dec 2015","technologyOutcomeDateFullString":"December 2015","technologyOutcomePartnerPretty":"","technologyOutcomePathPretty":"Closed Out","technologyOutcomeRationalePretty":""}],"primaryImage":{"file":{"fileExtension":"png","fileId":361476,"presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"0 Byte"},"libraryItemId":360051,"description":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs, Phase I","projectId":34030,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"","libraryItemTypePretty":"","modifiedDateString":""},"libraryItems":[{"file":{"fileExtension":"pdf","fileId":361475,"fileName":"SBIR_2015_1_BC_S3_09-9398","fileSize":63757,"objectId":360050,"objectType":"libraryItemFiles","presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"62.3 KB"},"files":[{"fileExtension":"pdf","fileId":361475,"fileName":"SBIR_2015_1_BC_S3_09-9398","fileSize":63757,"objectId":360050,"objectType":"libraryItemFiles","presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"62.3 KB"}],"libraryItemId":360050,"title":"Briefing Chart","description":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs Briefing Chart","libraryItemType":"Document","projectId":34030,"isPrimary":false,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Document","modifiedDateString":"01/08/24 08:27 PM"},{"file":{"fileExtension":"png","fileId":361476,"fileName":"SBIR_2015_1_BC_S3_09-9398","fileSize":42630,"objectId":360051,"objectType":"libraryItemFiles","presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"41.6 KB"},"files":[{"fileExtension":"png","fileId":361476,"fileName":"SBIR_2015_1_BC_S3_09-9398","fileSize":42630,"objectId":360051,"objectType":"libraryItemFiles","presignedUpload":false,"fileSizeString":"41.6 KB"}],"libraryItemId":360051,"title":"Briefing Chart Image","description":"Software Redundancy Framework for COTS SoC FPGAs, Phase I","libraryItemType":"Image","projectId":34030,"isPrimary":true,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Image","modifiedDateString":"01/08/24 08:27 PM"}],"states":[{"abbreviation":"CA","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"California","stateTerritoryId":59,"isTerritory":false},{"abbreviation":"MD","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Maryland","stateTerritoryId":3,"isTerritory":false}],"endDateString":"Dec 2015","startDateString":"Jun 2015"}}