Strategically, the HRP conducts research and technology development that: 1) enables the development or modification of Agency-level human health and performance standards by the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) and 2) provides Human Exploration Operations Mission Directorate (HEOMD) with methods of meeting those standards in the design, development, and operation of mission systems.
HRP research focuses on reducing crew health and performance risks for exploration missions. In addition, HRP research gathers the data necessary to understand and mitigate the long-term health risks to the crew, to allow the update of specific crew health standards for each mission scenario, to support crew selection, and to address any rehabilitation requirements. The OCHMO owns and sets the standards upon which the HRP research efforts are based. The Transition to Medical Practice process defined by the OCHMO is used to review the HRP deliverable countermeasures and technologies prior to their operational use.
HRP technology development advances medical care and countermeasure systems for exploration and vehicle development programs’ missions. The HRP also develops and matures operational concepts to inform requirements for the design and operation of space vehicles and habitats needed for exploration. This includes requirements for displays and controls, internal environments, operations planning, habitability, and methodologies for maintaining crew physical and mental health as well as physical and cognitive capabilities.
The HRP is managed at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and comprised of six research and technology development projects. These projects provide the program knowledge and capabilities to conduct research addressing the human health and performance risks as well as advancing the readiness levels of technology and countermeasures to the point of transfer to the customer programs and organizations. The six projects within the HRP are referred to as Program Elements throughout this document. Each Element is managed at the JSC with research and technology development expertise provided by JSC, Ames Research Center (ARC), Glenn Research Center (GRC), the Langley Research Center (LaRC), and the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), as well as other Agencies, institutions and organizations identified in the following Element descriptions. The six Elements are:
1) Space Radiation (SR) Element – The SR Element performs investigations to develop the scientific basis to accurately predict and mitigate health risks from the space radiation environment. This knowledge yields recommendations to permissible exposure limits, assessment/projection tools/models of crew risk from radiation exposure, and models/tools to assess vehicle design for radiation protection. The SR Element conducts research using accelerator-based simulation of space radiation. The SR Element explores and develops countermeasures to the deleterious effects of radiation on human health. The LaRC and ARC contribute to the SR Element.
2) Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Element – The BHP Element identifies and characterizes the behavioral and performance risks associated with training, living and working in space, and returning to Earth. The BHP Element develops strategies, tools, and technologies to mitigate these risks.
3) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element – The ExMC Element is responsible for defining requirements for crew health maintenance during exploration missions, developing treatment scenarios, extrapolating from the scenarios to health management modalities, and evaluating the feasibility of those modalities for use during exploration missions. The ExMC Element is also responsible for the technology and informatics development that will enable the availability of medical care and decision systems for exploration missions. GRC, LaRC and ARC contribute technology development and clinical care expertise to the ExMC Element.
4) Space Human Factors and Habitability (SHFH) Element – The SHFH Element is focused on the human system in space environments: how do humans interface with spacecraft systems, and what environmental and habitation factors are essential to maintain crew health and performance? The SHFH Element has three main focus areas: space human factors engineering, advanced environmental health, and advanced food technology. The ARC contributes to the SHFH Element.
5) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element – The HHC Element is responsible for understanding the physiological effects of spaceflight and developing countermeasure strategies and procedures. The Element provides the biomedical expertise for the development and assessment of medical standards and vehicle and spacesuit requirements dictated by human physiological needs. In addition, the HHC Element develops a validated and integrated suite of countermeasures for exploration missions to ensure the maintenance of crew health during all mission phases. The ARC and GRC contribute to the HHC Element as well as international agencies cooperating on joint flight proposals, reduced gravity studies, and collaborative bed rest studies.
6) International Space Station Medical Projects (ISSMP) Element – The ISSMP Element is responsible for managing all ISS and ground analog human research activities, including those integrated with operational medical support of the crews, and to ensure research tasks are completed. The ISSMP is responsible for all planning, integration, and implementation services for HRP research tasks and evaluation activities requiring access to space or related flight resources on the ISS, Soyuz, Progress, Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), commercial vehicles and ground-based spaceflight analogs. This includes support to related pre- and postflight activities. The ARC contributes to the ISSMP with technical support to experiment management, hardware development, and international partner integration. KSC provides support for baseline data collection requirements development for future crew vehicles.
The work performed within the six Elements is supported by numerous collaborative efforts with academia and international agencies. Relationships with the ISS Program, the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) are critical to the HRP successfully meeting its objectives. The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships with the International Partners through various working groups. These relationships enhance the research capabilities and provide synergy between the research and technology efforts of different countries.
","programId":273,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":9526,"organizationName":"Space Operations Mission Directorate","acronym":"SOMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":9526,"stockImageFileId":28253,"title":"Human Research Program","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"HRP"},"description":"We have completed this project and have studied the effects of chronically elevated cortisol and hypocaloric diet throughout 14 days of bed rest on muscle protein, lean body mass (LBM), and muscle function. We have completed 13 subjects. Preliminary evidence indicates that combined elevation of cortisol and a hypocaloric diet throughout bed rest increases muscle resistance to the action of insulin and increases the loss of lean body mass. This investigation is relevant to both clinical and astronaut populations, as both are prone to under-nutrition during a stress state. Further, we intend to investigate nutritional and exercise countermeasures with this model to determine an optimal operational countermeasure that can be economically (in terms of crew time and payload) utilized to ameliorate muscle loss during prolonged space flight. ","benefits":"Earth-based Implications: \tProlonged inactivity is inherent to trauma, serious injury, or major surgery. These events represent a significant stress to the patient such that the resultant muscle loss and weakness impairs subsequent rehabilitation. The requirement for hospital intensive care often entails hypocaloric intake in the patient, thereby further exacerbating the deleterious effects of hospitalization. This project was designed to investigate countermeasures that will maintain muscle mass and function during periods of prolonged inactivity. The proposed interventions are primarily nutritional, with the idea that minimal activity will enhance nutritional effectiveness. The nutritional intervention is of unique design and composition so as to have a maximal benefit on a gram per gram basis. Thus, these investigations are directly applicable and translatable to patient populations. ","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","viewCount":744,"destinationType":["Moon_and_Cislunar","Mars"],"trlBegin":4,"trlCurrent":6,"trlEnd":6,"lastUpdated":"10/27/20","favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"projectContacts":[{"contactId":406192,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Robert","lastName":"Wolfe","fullName":"Robert R Wolfe","fullNameInverted":"Wolfe, Robert R","middleInitial":"R","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Principal_Investigator","projectContactId":14973,"projectId":23204,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Principal Investigator"},{"contactId":32859,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Arny","lastName":"Ferrando","fullName":"Arny Ferrando","fullNameInverted":"Ferrando, Arny","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":32655,"projectId":23204,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"},{"contactId":399418,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"Robert","lastName":"Fitts","fullName":"Robert Fitts","fullNameInverted":"Fitts, Robert","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","projectContactRole":"Co_Investigator","projectContactId":32654,"projectId":23204,"programContactRolePretty":"","projectContactRolePretty":"Co-Investigator"}],"programContacts":[{"contactId":103847,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"David","lastName":"Baumann","fullName":"David K Baumann","fullNameInverted":"Baumann, David K","middleInitial":"K","email":"david.k.baumann@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":181,"programId":273,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"leadOrganization":{"organizationId":4886,"organizationName":"National Space Biomedical Research Institute","acronym":"NSBRI","organizationType":"Industry","city":"Houston","stateTerritoryId":29,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"TX","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Texas","stateTerritoryId":29,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"77030-1400","projectId":23204,"projectOrganizationId":42591,"organizationRole":"Lead_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Lead Organization","organizationTypePretty":"Industry"},"otherOrganizations":[{"organizationId":4886,"organizationName":"National Space Biomedical Research Institute","acronym":"NSBRI","organizationType":"Industry","city":"Houston","stateTerritoryId":29,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"TX","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Texas","stateTerritoryId":29,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"77030-1400","projectId":23204,"projectOrganizationId":42591,"organizationRole":"Lead_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Lead Organization","organizationTypePretty":"Industry"},{"organizationId":1740,"organizationName":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","organizationType":"Academia","city":"Little Rock","stateTerritoryId":40,"stateTerritory":{"abbreviation":"AR","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Arkansas","stateTerritoryId":40,"isTerritory":false},"country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"zipCode":"72205","murepUnitId":106263,"academicDegreeType":"Public_4_year","projectId":23204,"projectOrganizationId":42592,"organizationRole":"Supporting_Organization","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"Supporting Organization","organizationTypePretty":"Academia"}],"primaryTx":{"taxonomyNodeId":11170,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11168,"code":"TX06.3.2","title":"Prevention and Countermeasures","description":"Prevention and countermeasure tools validate technologies to address the effects of the space environment on human systems and to provide countermeasures that maintain crew physical health, behavioral health, and sustained performance on extended-duration missions.","exampleTechnologies":"Cell/tissue culture, animal models; induced pluripotent stem cells; exercise equipment systems (hardware & software); integrated prevention and treatment for visual changes and non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement; water control standards for microbes, probiotic delivery, antimicrobial medications; integrated technologies to monitor crew health and performance during exercise; countermeasure effectiveness; vibration isolation technologies for exercise equipment","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":false,"isPrimary":true,"hasInteriorContent":true},"primaryTxTree":[[{"taxonomyNodeId":11157,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"code":"TX06","title":"Human Health, Life Support, and Habitation Systems","level":1,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11168,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11157,"code":"TX06.3","title":"Human Health and Performance","description":"Human health and performance technologies and solutions support optimal and sustained performance throughout the duration of a mission and promote the health of the crew before, during, and after a mission.","level":2,"hasChildren":true,"selected":false,"hasInteriorContent":true},{"taxonomyNodeId":11170,"taxonomyRootId":8817,"parentNodeId":11168,"code":"TX06.3.2","title":"Prevention and Countermeasures","description":"Prevention and countermeasure tools validate technologies to address the effects of the space environment on human systems and to provide countermeasures that maintain crew physical health, behavioral health, and sustained performance on extended-duration missions.","exampleTechnologies":"Cell/tissue culture, animal models; induced pluripotent stem cells; exercise equipment systems (hardware & software); integrated prevention and treatment for visual changes and non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement; water control standards for microbes, probiotic delivery, antimicrobial medications; integrated technologies to monitor crew health and performance during exercise; countermeasure effectiveness; vibration isolation technologies for exercise equipment","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"selected":true,"hasInteriorContent":true}]],"technologyOutcomes":[{"technologyOutcomeId":6807,"projectId":23204,"project":{"projectId":23204,"title":"Nutritional Countermeasures to Ameliorate Losses in Muscle Mass and Function","startDate":"2004-07-01","startYear":2004,"startMonth":7,"endDate":"2009-07-31","endYear":2009,"endMonth":7,"programId":273,"program":{"ableToSelect":false,"acronym":"HRP","isActive":true,"description":"Strategically, the HRP conducts research and technology development that: 1) enables the development or modification of Agency-level human health and performance standards by the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) and 2) provides Human Exploration Operations Mission Directorate (HEOMD) with methods of meeting those standards in the design, development, and operation of mission systems.
HRP research focuses on reducing crew health and performance risks for exploration missions. In addition, HRP research gathers the data necessary to understand and mitigate the long-term health risks to the crew, to allow the update of specific crew health standards for each mission scenario, to support crew selection, and to address any rehabilitation requirements. The OCHMO owns and sets the standards upon which the HRP research efforts are based. The Transition to Medical Practice process defined by the OCHMO is used to review the HRP deliverable countermeasures and technologies prior to their operational use.
HRP technology development advances medical care and countermeasure systems for exploration and vehicle development programs’ missions. The HRP also develops and matures operational concepts to inform requirements for the design and operation of space vehicles and habitats needed for exploration. This includes requirements for displays and controls, internal environments, operations planning, habitability, and methodologies for maintaining crew physical and mental health as well as physical and cognitive capabilities.
The HRP is managed at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and comprised of six research and technology development projects. These projects provide the program knowledge and capabilities to conduct research addressing the human health and performance risks as well as advancing the readiness levels of technology and countermeasures to the point of transfer to the customer programs and organizations. The six projects within the HRP are referred to as Program Elements throughout this document. Each Element is managed at the JSC with research and technology development expertise provided by JSC, Ames Research Center (ARC), Glenn Research Center (GRC), the Langley Research Center (LaRC), and the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), as well as other Agencies, institutions and organizations identified in the following Element descriptions. The six Elements are:
1) Space Radiation (SR) Element – The SR Element performs investigations to develop the scientific basis to accurately predict and mitigate health risks from the space radiation environment. This knowledge yields recommendations to permissible exposure limits, assessment/projection tools/models of crew risk from radiation exposure, and models/tools to assess vehicle design for radiation protection. The SR Element conducts research using accelerator-based simulation of space radiation. The SR Element explores and develops countermeasures to the deleterious effects of radiation on human health. The LaRC and ARC contribute to the SR Element.
2) Behavioral Health and Performance (BHP) Element – The BHP Element identifies and characterizes the behavioral and performance risks associated with training, living and working in space, and returning to Earth. The BHP Element develops strategies, tools, and technologies to mitigate these risks.
3) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element – The ExMC Element is responsible for defining requirements for crew health maintenance during exploration missions, developing treatment scenarios, extrapolating from the scenarios to health management modalities, and evaluating the feasibility of those modalities for use during exploration missions. The ExMC Element is also responsible for the technology and informatics development that will enable the availability of medical care and decision systems for exploration missions. GRC, LaRC and ARC contribute technology development and clinical care expertise to the ExMC Element.
4) Space Human Factors and Habitability (SHFH) Element – The SHFH Element is focused on the human system in space environments: how do humans interface with spacecraft systems, and what environmental and habitation factors are essential to maintain crew health and performance? The SHFH Element has three main focus areas: space human factors engineering, advanced environmental health, and advanced food technology. The ARC contributes to the SHFH Element.
5) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element – The HHC Element is responsible for understanding the physiological effects of spaceflight and developing countermeasure strategies and procedures. The Element provides the biomedical expertise for the development and assessment of medical standards and vehicle and spacesuit requirements dictated by human physiological needs. In addition, the HHC Element develops a validated and integrated suite of countermeasures for exploration missions to ensure the maintenance of crew health during all mission phases. The ARC and GRC contribute to the HHC Element as well as international agencies cooperating on joint flight proposals, reduced gravity studies, and collaborative bed rest studies.
6) International Space Station Medical Projects (ISSMP) Element – The ISSMP Element is responsible for managing all ISS and ground analog human research activities, including those integrated with operational medical support of the crews, and to ensure research tasks are completed. The ISSMP is responsible for all planning, integration, and implementation services for HRP research tasks and evaluation activities requiring access to space or related flight resources on the ISS, Soyuz, Progress, Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), commercial vehicles and ground-based spaceflight analogs. This includes support to related pre- and postflight activities. The ARC contributes to the ISSMP with technical support to experiment management, hardware development, and international partner integration. KSC provides support for baseline data collection requirements development for future crew vehicles.
The work performed within the six Elements is supported by numerous collaborative efforts with academia and international agencies. Relationships with the ISS Program, the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), and the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) are critical to the HRP successfully meeting its objectives. The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships with the International Partners through various working groups. These relationships enhance the research capabilities and provide synergy between the research and technology efforts of different countries.
","programId":273,"responsibleMd":{"organizationId":9526,"organizationName":"Space Operations Mission Directorate","acronym":"SOMD","organizationType":"NASA_Mission_Directorate","canUserEdit":false,"locationEdit":false,"organizationRolePretty":"","organizationTypePretty":"NASA Mission Directorate"},"responsibleMdOffice":9526,"stockImageFileId":28253,"title":"Human Research Program","manageGaps":false,"acronymOrTitle":"HRP"},"description":"We have completed this project and have studied the effects of chronically elevated cortisol and hypocaloric diet throughout 14 days of bed rest on muscle protein, lean body mass (LBM), and muscle function. We have completed 13 subjects. Preliminary evidence indicates that combined elevation of cortisol and a hypocaloric diet throughout bed rest increases muscle resistance to the action of insulin and increases the loss of lean body mass. This investigation is relevant to both clinical and astronaut populations, as both are prone to under-nutrition during a stress state. Further, we intend to investigate nutritional and exercise countermeasures with this model to determine an optimal operational countermeasure that can be economically (in terms of crew time and payload) utilized to ameliorate muscle loss during prolonged space flight. ","benefits":"Earth-based Implications: \tProlonged inactivity is inherent to trauma, serious injury, or major surgery. These events represent a significant stress to the patient such that the resultant muscle loss and weakness impairs subsequent rehabilitation. The requirement for hospital intensive care often entails hypocaloric intake in the patient, thereby further exacerbating the deleterious effects of hospitalization. This project was designed to investigate countermeasures that will maintain muscle mass and function during periods of prolonged inactivity. The proposed interventions are primarily nutritional, with the idea that minimal activity will enhance nutritional effectiveness. The nutritional intervention is of unique design and composition so as to have a maximal benefit on a gram per gram basis. Thus, these investigations are directly applicable and translatable to patient populations. ","releaseStatus":"Released","status":"Completed","destinationType":["Moon_and_Cislunar","Mars"],"trlBegin":4,"trlCurrent":6,"trlEnd":6,"favorited":false,"detailedFunding":false,"programContacts":[{"contactId":103847,"canUserEdit":false,"firstName":"David","lastName":"Baumann","fullName":"David K Baumann","fullNameInverted":"Baumann, David K","middleInitial":"K","email":"david.k.baumann@nasa.gov","receiveEmail":"Subscribed_User","programContactRole":"Program_Director","programContactId":181,"programId":273,"programContactRolePretty":"Program Director","projectContactRolePretty":""}],"endDateString":"Jul 2009","startDateString":"Jul 2004"},"technologyOutcomePartner":"Other","technologyOutcomeDate":"2009-07-31","infusion":"Other","technologyOutcomePath":"Closed_Out","technologyOutcomeRationale":"Other","details":"Major Accomplishments \tThis project represents a combination of two NASA-funded protocols, which investigated nutritional countermeasures to activity-induced sarcopenia. Our previous NASA project demonstrated that essential amino acid supplementation (EAA) throughout bed rest preserved lean body mass and reduced the loss of muscle function. However, the supplement we utilized was not feasible for delivery during space flight. The general goal of the current proposal is to reduce the amount of supplement required by optimizing the composition, the amount, and the timing of ingestion in order to effectively minimize the loss of lean body mass and function. Since the protocols of Drs. Wolfe and Ferrando were designed to be complementary, we have included them under one institutional review board (IRB) protocol at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). Thus, this report will detail progress in both grant projects. Since our move to UAMS, we have completed three important study groups related to the goals of this project. The aims we focused upon represented the testing of a more practical approach to the delivery of EAA in an astronaut population. We have completed the following specific aims: 1.\tDetermine if the addition of 3 g of leucine to meals results in a stimulation of muscle protein synthesis over a 24 hr period. Two groups of subjects were studied during short-term bed rest; a control and a leucine group. In the control group, we enrolled 12 subjects and studied 8, while in the leucine group, we enrolled 8 and studied 8. While analyses are currently underway, preliminary data indicates that muscle protein synthesis was greater during the first day of bed rest with the leucine supplementation. It does not appear; however, that leucine supplementation was effective in stimulating muscle protein synthesis on subsequent days of inactivity. 2.\tDetermine if ingestion of 7.5 g of EAA three times per day between meals will efficiently (gm protein synthesized/gm ingested) stimulate muscle protein synthesis. This group will be compared to a control group consisting of 2-day bed rest alone. We hypothesize that 7.5 g EAA will preserve muscle protein synthesis during bed rest. While 8 control subjects were studied, we also enrolled 10 and studied 7 subjects given 7.5 g of EAA TID (three times a day) throughout bed rest. Based upon our previous work, we anticipate that the addition of 7.5 g of EAA TID will result in an increase synthetic response. While these analyses are ongoing, this dosage allows us to ascertain a dose-response of EAA, given our previous results with the maximal response of 15 g. ","infoText":"Closed out","infoTextExtra":"Project closed out","isIndirect":false,"infusionPretty":"Other","isBiDirectional":false,"technologyOutcomeDateString":"Jul 2009","technologyOutcomeDateFullString":"July 2009","technologyOutcomePartnerPretty":"Other","technologyOutcomePathPretty":"Closed Out","technologyOutcomeRationalePretty":"Other"}],"libraryItems":[{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56660,"title":"Articles in Other Journals or Periodicals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Cree MG, Hewlings SJ, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"Impaired muscle protein synthesis and atrophy during prolonged inactivity and stress.\" Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. In Press, June 2006., Jun-2006","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56667,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Urban RJ, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"The catabolic effects of prolonged inactivity and acute hypercortisolemia are offset by dietary supplementation.\" J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1453-9. Epub 2004 Dec 14. PMID: 15598679, Mar-2005","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56668,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Urban RJ, Sanford AP, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"Essential amino acid and carbohydrate supplementation ameliorates muscle protein loss during 28 days bedrest.\" J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Sep;89(9):4351-8. PMID: 15356032 , Sep-2004","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56669,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"Amino acid suplementation for reversing bed rest and steroid myopathies.\" J Nutr. 2005 Jul;135(7):1809S-1812S. Review. PMID: 15987870, Jul-2005","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56670,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Uchakin PH, Stowe RP, Paddon-Jones D, Tobin BW, Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR. \"Cytokine secretion and latent herpes virus reactivation with 28 days of horizontal hypokinesia.\" Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007 Jun;78(6):608-12. PubMed PMID: 17571663, Jun-2007","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56663,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D. \"Interplay of stress and physical inactivity on muscle loss: Nutritional countermeasures.\" J Nutr. 2006 Aug;136(8):2123-6. Review. PMID: 16857828 , Aug-2006","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56665,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Cree MG, Hewlings SJ, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"Atrophy and impaired muscle protein synthesis during prolonged inactivity and stress.\" J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Dec;91(12):4836-41. PMID: 16984982, Dec-2006","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56666,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Paddon-Jones D, Sheffield-Moore M, Creson DL, Sanford AP, Wolf SE, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"Hypercortisolemia alters msucle protein anabolism following ingestion of essential amino acids.\" Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003 May;284(5):E946-53. Epub 2003 Feb 4. PMID: 12569085, May-2003","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56671,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Zwart SR, Davis-Street JE, Paddon-Jones D, Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR, Smith SM. \"Amino acid supplementation alters bone metabolism during simulated weightlessness.\" J Appl Physiol. 2005 Jul;99(1):134-40. PMID: 15691900, Jul-2005","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56662,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Fitts RH, Ramatowski JG, Peters Jr, Paddon-Jones D, Wolfe RR, Ferrando AA. \"The deleterious effects of bed rest on human skeletal muscle fibers are exacerbated by hypercortisolemia and ameliorated by dietary supplementation.\" Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jul;293(1):C313-20. PMID: 17409123 , Jul-2007","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":56661,"title":"Articles in Peer-reviewed Journals","description":"Cree MG, Paddon-Jones D, Newcomer BR, Ronsen O, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR, Ferrando A. \"Twenty-eight-day bed rest with hypercortisolemia induces peripheral insulin resistance and increases intramuscular triglycerides.\" Metabolism. 2010 May;59(5):703-10. 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PMID: 15572657 , Apr-2005","libraryItemType":"Story","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Story","modifiedDateString":"12/26/19 09:05 PM"},{"files":[],"libraryItemId":314027,"title":"Project Website","libraryItemType":"Link","url":"https://taskbook.nasaprs.com","projectId":23204,"internalOnly":false,"publishedDateString":"","entryDateString":"01/22/25 01:10 AM","libraryItemTypePretty":"Link","modifiedDateString":"10/25/24 02:23 PM"}],"states":[{"abbreviation":"AR","country":{"abbreviation":"US","countryId":236,"name":"United States"},"countryId":236,"name":"Arkansas","stateTerritoryId":40,"isTerritory":false}],"endDateString":"Jul 2009","startDateString":"Jul 2004"}}